महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-48

अकामं तेन वस्तव्यं मुदितेन शतक्रतो ।
मम लोके सुरैः सार्धं लोके यत्रापि चेच्छति ॥४८॥

48. akāmaṁ tena vastavyaṁ muditena śatakrato ,
mama loke suraiḥ sārdhaṁ loke yatrāpi cecchati.

48. akāmam tena vastavyam muditena śatakrato mama
loke suraiḥ sārdham loke yatra api ca icchati

48. śatakrato tena muditena akāmam vastavyam mama
loke suraiḥ sārdham loke yatra api ca icchati

48. He should dwell contentedly and without desire, O Śatakratu (Indra). He can reside in my realm alongside the gods, or in any other realm he wishes.

Words meanings summery:

• अकामम् (akāmam) - without desire, desirelessly

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• वस्तव्यम् (vastavyam) - should be lived, to be dwelled

• मुदितेन (muditena) - by the joyful one, by the happy one

• शतक्रतो (śatakrato) - O Indra, chief of the gods (O Śatakratu (epithet of Indra))

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by gods, with gods

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• च (ca) - and, also

• इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

Words meanings and morphology

अकामम् (akāmam) - without desire, desirelessly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of akāma

akāma - without desire, free from desire, unintentional

Compound with 'a-' (negation) and 'kāma' (desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+kāma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kam' (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, him

Note: Agent for the passive gerundive 'vastavyam'.

वस्तव्यम् (vastavyam) - should be lived, to be dwelled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vastavya

vastavya - to be dwelt in, should be lived, suitable for dwelling

Gerundive

Formed from root 'vas' (to dwell) with suffix '-tavya'.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Gerundive, indicating obligation, used impersonally.

मुदितेन (muditena) - by the joyful one, by the happy one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mudita

mudita - joyful, glad, happy, delighted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'mud' (to rejoice).

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tena'.

शतक्रतो (śatakrato) - O Indra, chief of the gods (O Śatakratu (epithet of Indra))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatakratu

śatakratu - having a hundred powers/sacrifices, an epithet of Indra

Bahuvrihi compound 'śata' (hundred) + 'kratu' (power/sacrifice).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śata+kratu)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• kratu – power, will, sacrifice, intellect
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Addressed to Indra.

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Pronominal stem for first person singular.

Note: Possessive.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Locative case indicating place.

सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by gods, with gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Instrumental case used with 'sārdham' (with).

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from 'sārdha' (company, multitude).

Note: Governs instrumental case.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Locative case indicating place. Indicates an alternative to 'mama loke'.

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronoun 'yad'.

Note: Adverb of place.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root 'iṣ' in the 6th class (icchati is present tense).

Root: iṣ (class 6)