महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-72, verse-28

यत्स्यादिष्ट्वा राजसूये फलं तु यत्स्यादिष्ट्वा बहुना काञ्चनेन ।
एतत्तुल्यं फलमस्याहुरग्र्यं सर्वे सन्तस्त्वृषयो ये च सिद्धाः ॥२८॥

28. yatsyādiṣṭvā rājasūye phalaṁ tu; yatsyādiṣṭvā bahunā kāñcanena ,
etattulyaṁ phalamasyāhuragryaṁ; sarve santastvṛṣayo ye ca siddhāḥ.

28. yat syāt iṣṭvā rājasūye phalam tu
yat syāt iṣṭvā bahunā kāñcanena etat
tulyam phalam asya āhuḥ agryam
sarve santaḥ tu ṛṣayaḥ ye ca siddhāḥ

28. rājasūye iṣṭvā yat phalam syāt,
tu bahunā kāñcanena iṣṭvā yat (phalam) syāt,
etat tulyam agryam phalam asya sarve santaḥ ṛṣayaḥ ye ca siddhāḥ āhuḥ.

28. All virtuous people, sages, and also perfected beings (siddhas) declare that the supreme reward of that (person) is equal to the merit obtained from performing a Rājasūya (Vedic ritual), and that which is obtained from performing a (Vedic ritual) involving much gold.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, whatever)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be (may be, let it be, should be)

• इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having performed (a Vedic ritual) (having worshipped, having performed a Vedic ritual)

• राजसूये (rājasūye) - by performing the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (in the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual), during the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual))

• फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit, result, reward, outcome)

• तु (tu) - and (connecting clauses) (but, however, and, moreover)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, whatever)

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be (may be, let it be, should be)

• इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having performed (a Vedic ritual) (having worshipped, having performed a Vedic ritual)

• बहुना (bahunā) - with abundant (by much, with much, by many)

• काञ्चनेन (kāñcanena) - with gold (by gold, with gold)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the cumulative merit) (this, that)

• तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal to (equal, similar, comparable)

• फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit, result, reward, outcome)

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the person in the previous verse) (his, of him, of this)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they declare)

• अग्र्यम् (agryam) - supreme (excellent, chief, supreme, foremost)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• सन्तः (santaḥ) - virtuous people (virtuous, good, existing, beings, saints)

• तु (tu) - and (but, however, and, moreover)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

• ये (ye) - who (who, which)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings (siddhas) (perfected ones, accomplished beings, semi-divine beings)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, whatever)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - what, which, whatever

Note: Refers to 'phalam'.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be (may be, let it be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having performed (a Vedic ritual) (having worshipped, having performed a Vedic ritual)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'yaj' with suffix -tvā. The initial 'y' changes to 'i'.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Often implies performing a yajña (Vedic ritual).

राजसूये (rājasūye) - by performing the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual) (in the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual), during the Rājasūya (Vedic ritual))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājasūya

rājasūya - a grand Vedic ritual of consecration for a king

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sūya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sūya – impelling, instigation, a sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'sū' (to impel, generate).
  Root: sū (class 2)

फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit, result, reward, outcome)

(noun)

neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward, consequence, outcome

तु (tu) - and (connecting clauses) (but, however, and, moreover)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, whatever)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yad

yad - what, which, whatever

Note: Refers to an implied 'phalam'.

स्यात् (syāt) - may be (may be, let it be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

इष्ट्वा (iṣṭvā) - having performed (a Vedic ritual) (having worshipped, having performed a Vedic ritual)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root 'yaj' with suffix -tvā. The initial 'y' changes to 'i'.

Root: yaj (class 1)

बहुना (bahunā) - with abundant (by much, with much, by many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'kāñcanena'.

काञ्चनेन (kāñcanena) - with gold (by gold, with gold)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kāñcana

kāñcana - gold, golden

Note: Implies a ritual where much gold is offered or used.

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the cumulative merit) (this, that)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

Note: First part of the compound 'etattulyam'.

तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equal to (equal, similar, comparable)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of tulya

tulya - equal, similar, comparable, like

Note: Forms a compound 'etattulyam' (equal to this).

फलम् (phalam) - reward (fruit, result, reward, outcome)

(noun)

neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, reward, consequence, outcome

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to the person in the previous verse) (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the virtuous person described in the previous verse.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (used as present) (liṭ) of brū

Irregular perfect active form of 'brū' or 'vac'.

Root: brū/vac (class 2)

अग्र्यम् (agryam) - supreme (excellent, chief, supreme, foremost)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of agrya

agrya - excellent, chief, supreme, foremost, best

Note: Describes 'phalam'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'santaḥ' and 'ṛṣayaḥ'.

सन्तः (santaḥ) - virtuous people (virtuous, good, existing, beings, saints)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real; a good person, a saint

Present Active Participle

From root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

तु (tu) - and (but, however, and, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'santaḥ' and 'ṛṣayaḥ'.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

ये (ye) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to 'siddhāḥ'.

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings (siddhas) (perfected ones, accomplished beings, semi-divine beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, successful; a perfected being, sage, semi-divine being

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sidh' (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sidh (class 1)

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