महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-6, verse-41

तपोनियमसंयुक्ता मुनयः संशितव्रताः ।
किं ते दैवबलाच्छापमुत्सृजन्ते न कर्मणा ॥४१॥

41. taponiyamasaṁyuktā munayaḥ saṁśitavratāḥ ,
kiṁ te daivabalācchāpamutsṛjante na karmaṇā.

41. taponiyamasaṃyuktāḥ munayaḥ saṃśitavratāḥ
kim te daivabalāt śāpam utsṛjante na karmaṇā

41. taponiyamasaṃyuktāḥ saṃśitavratāḥ munayaḥ te daivabalāt śāpam utsṛjante,
na karmaṇā? kim?

41. Sages (munis) dedicated to asceticism and strict vows, why do they utter curses relying on the power of destiny (daiva), and not through their own disciplined actions (karma)?

Words meanings summery:

• तपोनियमसंयुक्ताः (taponiyamasaṁyuktāḥ) - dedicated to asceticism and strict observances (endowed with ascetic practices and vows, engaged in penance and observances)

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages (munis) (sages, ascetics, silent ones (muni))

• संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - with strict vows (with sharpened vows, firm in their observances)

• किम् (kim) - why? (what? why? whether?)

• ते (te) - they (referring to the sages) (they, by them, to them)

• दैवबलात् (daivabalāt) - relying on the power of destiny (daiva) (from the power of destiny, by the force of fate)

• शापम् (śāpam) - a curse (curse, imprecation)

• उत्सृजन्ते (utsṛjante) - they utter/release (they release, utter, send forth)

• न (na) - not

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - through their own disciplined actions (karma) (by action, by deeds (karma))

Words meanings and morphology

तपोनियमसंयुक्ताः (taponiyamasaṁyuktāḥ) - dedicated to asceticism and strict observances (endowed with ascetic practices and vows, engaged in penance and observances)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of taponiyamasaṃyukta

taponiyamasaṁyukta - joined with asceticism and vows, endowed with penance and observances

Past Passive Participle (in compound)

bahuvrihi compound of tapas + niyama + saṃyukta

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+niyama+saṃyukta)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• niyama – vow, observance, restraint, rule
  noun (masculine)
  from ni + yam (to restrain)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• saṃyukta – joined, connected, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam + yuj (to join) with suffix -kta
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with munayaḥ.

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages (munis) (sages, ascetics, silent ones (muni))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one (muni)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

संशितव्रताः (saṁśitavratāḥ) - with strict vows (with sharpened vows, firm in their observances)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśitavrata

saṁśitavrata - whose vows are sharpened/firm, strict in observances

Past Passive Participle (in compound)

bahuvrihi compound of saṃśita + vrata

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, made firm, resolute
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from sam + śo (to sharpen) with suffix -kta
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with munayaḥ.

किम् (kim) - why? (what? why? whether?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative.

ते (te) - they (referring to the sages) (they, by them, to them)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to munayaḥ.

दैवबलात् (daivabalāt) - relying on the power of destiny (daiva) (from the power of destiny, by the force of fate)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daivabala

daivabala - power of destiny (daiva)/fate

compound of daiva + bala

Compound type : tatpurusha (daiva+bala)

• daiva – destiny, fate, divine (daiva)
  noun (neuter)
• bala – power, strength, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Expresses the means or cause.

शापम् (śāpam) - a curse (curse, imprecation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

from root √śap (to curse)

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Object of utsṛjante.

उत्सृजन्ते (utsṛjante) - they utter/release (they release, utter, send forth)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of utsṛj

Present Middle

Present tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice of ut + √sṛj

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Verb for munayaḥ / te.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation for karmaṇā.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - through their own disciplined actions (karma) (by action, by deeds (karma))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

from root √kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses means.