महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-6, verse-39

धुन्धुमारश्च राजर्षिः सत्रेष्वेव जरां गतः ।
प्रीतिदायं परित्यज्य सुष्वाप स गिरिव्रजे ॥३९॥

39. dhundhumāraśca rājarṣiḥ satreṣveva jarāṁ gataḥ ,
prītidāyaṁ parityajya suṣvāpa sa girivraje.

39. Dhundhumāraḥ ca rājarṣiḥ satreṣu eva jarām gataḥ
prītidāyam parityajya suṣvāpa saḥ girivraje

39. rājarṣiḥ Dhundhumāraḥ ca satreṣu eva jarām gataḥ,
(saḥ) prītidāyam parityajya girivraje suṣvāpa.

39. King-sage Dhundhumāra, who reached old age solely through performing Vedic rituals (yajñas), abandoned his legacy and then slept in Girivraja.

Words meanings summery:

• धुन्धुमारः (dhundhumāraḥ) - King Dhundhumāra (Dhundhumāra (name of a king))

• च (ca) - and

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - the king who is also a sage (royal sage, king-sage)

• सत्रेषु (satreṣu) - in the Vedic rituals (yajñas) (in Vedic rituals, in sacrifices, in assemblies)

• एव (eva) - solely, only (only, indeed, just)

• जराम् (jarām) - old age (old age, decrepitude)

• गतः (gataḥ) - reached, attained (gone, attained, reached)

• प्रीतिदायम् (prītidāyam) - his legacy (gift of affection, legacy, inheritance)

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having renounced)

• सुष्वाप (suṣvāpa) - he slept

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Dhundhumāra) (he, that)

• गिरिव्रजे (girivraje) - in Girivraja (the city) (in Girivraja (a city/mountain range))

Words meanings and morphology

धुन्धुमारः (dhundhumāraḥ) - King Dhundhumāra (Dhundhumāra (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Dhundhumāra

Dhundhumāra - name of a king

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - the king who is also a sage (royal sage, king-sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king-sage

compound of rājan + ṛṣi

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

सत्रेषु (satreṣu) - in the Vedic rituals (yajñas) (in Vedic rituals, in sacrifices, in assemblies)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of satra

satra - Vedic ritual (yajña), sacrifice, assembly

एव (eva) - solely, only (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

जराम् (jarām) - old age (old age, decrepitude)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude

Root: jṝ (class 1)

गतः (gataḥ) - reached, attained (gone, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained, past

Past Passive Participle

derived from root √gam (to go) with suffix -kta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājarṣiḥ Dhundhumāraḥ

प्रीतिदायम् (prītidāyam) - his legacy (gift of affection, legacy, inheritance)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prītidāya

prītidāya - a gift of affection, a legacy, an inheritance

compound of prīti + dāya

Compound type : tatpurusha (prīti+dāya)

• prīti – affection, love, joy, pleasure
  noun (feminine)
  Root: prī (class 9)
• dāya – gift, share, portion, inheritance
  noun (masculine)
  from root √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having renounced)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

prefix pari + root √tyaj + suffix -ya (absolutive)

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सुष्वाप (suṣvāpa) - he slept

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of svap

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √svap

Root: svap (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Dhundhumāra) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गिरिव्रजे (girivraje) - in Girivraja (the city) (in Girivraja (a city/mountain range))

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of Girivraja

Girivraja - name of a city (ancient capital of Magadha) or a mountain range

compound of giri + vraja

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+vraja)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• vraja – herd, pasture, enclosure, dwelling
  noun (masculine)