महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-6, verse-4

ततः पद्मोद्भवो राजन्देवदेवः पितामहः ।
उवाच मधुरं वाक्यमर्थवद्धेतुभूषितम् ॥४॥

4. tataḥ padmodbhavo rājandevadevaḥ pitāmahaḥ ,
uvāca madhuraṁ vākyamarthavaddhetubhūṣitam.

4. tataḥ padmodbhavaḥ rājan devadevaḥ pitāmahaḥ
uvāca madhuram vākyam arthavat hetubhūṣitam

4. rājan tataḥ devadevaḥ padmodbhavaḥ pitāmahaḥ
arthavat hetubhūṣitam madhuram vākyam uvāca

4. Then, O king, the grandfather (Brahmā), the god of gods, the one born from a lotus (padmodbhava), spoke sweet and meaningful words, adorned with sound reasoning.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• पद्मोद्भवः (padmodbhavaḥ) - born from a lotus (Brahmā) (born from a lotus, Brahmā)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• देवदेवः (devadevaḥ) - god of gods

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - the grandfather (Brahmā) (grandfather, Brahmā)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet (sweet, pleasant, charming)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence, statement)

• अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful (meaningful, significant, substantial)

• हेतुभूषितम् (hetubhūṣitam) - adorned with sound reasoning (adorned with reasons, logically adorned)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Ablative of 'tad' (that).

पद्मोद्भवः (padmodbhavaḥ) - born from a lotus (Brahmā) (born from a lotus, Brahmā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padmodbhava

padmodbhava - born from a lotus, epithet of Brahmā

Compound of padma (lotus) and udbhava (origin, birth).

Compound type : tatpurusha (padma+udbhava)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• udbhava – origin, birth, arising
  noun (masculine)
  From ud + bhū (to be).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'pitāmahaḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Adresses the listener.

देवदेवः (devadevaḥ) - god of gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devadeva

devadeva - god of gods, supreme deity (epithet for Shiva, Vishnu, or Brahmā)

Compound of deva (god) + deva (god).

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+deva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'pitāmahaḥ'.

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - the grandfather (Brahmā) (grandfather, Brahmā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, progenitor, Brahmā

Compound type : tatpurusha (pitṛ+maha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• maha – great
  adjective (masculine)

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Irregular perfect formation of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

मधुरम् (madhuram) - sweet (sweet, pleasant, charming)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhura

madhura - sweet, pleasant, charming, melodious

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (word, speech, sentence, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement, declaration

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac

Note: Object of the verb 'uvāca'.

अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful (meaningful, significant, substantial)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arthavat

arthavat - meaningful, significant, substantial, rich in meaning

Possessive suffix -vat added to 'artha' (meaning, purpose).

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam' (arthavat vākyam).

हेतुभूषितम् (hetubhūṣitam) - adorned with sound reasoning (adorned with reasons, logically adorned)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hetubhūṣita

hetubhūṣita - adorned with reasons, logically furnished, supported by arguments

Past Passive Participle

Compound of hetu (reason) and bhūṣita (adorned, decorated, from root bhūṣ).

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (hetu+bhūṣita)

• hetu – reason, cause, motive, argument
  noun (masculine)
• bhūṣita – adorned, decorated, ornamented
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhūṣ (to adorn, decorate).
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)