महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-44, verse-8

पञ्चानां तु त्रयो धर्म्या द्वावधर्म्यौ युधिष्ठिर ।
पैशाच आसुरश्चैव न कर्तव्यौ कथंचन ॥८॥

8. pañcānāṁ tu trayo dharmyā dvāvadharmyau yudhiṣṭhira ,
paiśāca āsuraścaiva na kartavyau kathaṁcana.

8. pañcānām tu trayaḥ dharmyāḥ dvau adharmyau yudhiṣṭhira
paiśācaḥ āsuraḥ ca eva na kartavyau kathaṃcana

8. yudhiṣṭhira pañcānām tu trayaḥ dharmyāḥ dvau adharmyau
paiśācaḥ ca āsuraḥ eva kathaṃcana na kartavyau

8. O Yudhiṣṭhira, among the five (types of marriage), three are in accordance with natural law (dharma), while two are contrary to it. The Paiśāca and Āsura (forms of marriage) should never be practiced under any circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five (types of marriage) (of the five)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• धर्म्याः (dharmyāḥ) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (lawful, righteous, conforming to dharma)

• द्वौ (dvau) - two

• अधर्म्यौ (adharmyau) - unlawful, unrighteous, contrary to dharma

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (vocative) (Yudhiṣṭhira)

• पैशाचः (paiśācaḥ) - the Paiśāca form of marriage (relating to Piśācas)

• आसुरः (āsuraḥ) - the Āsura form of marriage (relating to Asuras)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्तव्यौ (kartavyau) - should be done, ought to be done

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by no means, in no way, never

Words meanings and morphology

पञ्चानाम् (pañcānām) - of the five (types of marriage) (of the five)

(numeral)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

धर्म्याः (dharmyāḥ) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (lawful, righteous, conforming to dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmya

dharmya - lawful, righteous, conforming to natural law (dharma)

Derived from 'dharma' with 'ya' suffix, meaning 'related to dharma'.

Note: Agrees with 'trayaḥ' (three forms of marriage).

द्वौ (dvau) - two

(numeral)

अधर्म्यौ (adharmyau) - unlawful, unrighteous, contrary to dharma

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of adharmya

adharmya - unlawful, unrighteous, not conforming to natural law (dharma)

Derived from 'a-' (negation) + 'dharmya'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+dharmya)

• a – not, non-, un- (prefix of negation)
  indeclinable
• dharmya – lawful, righteous, conforming to natural law (dharma)
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dvau' (two forms of marriage).

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhiṣṭhira (vocative) (Yudhiṣṭhira)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (steadfast in battle)

पैशाचः (paiśācaḥ) - the Paiśāca form of marriage (relating to Piśācas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paiśāca

paiśāca - relating to Piśācas (a class of ghoulish beings); a type of marriage involving abduction or seduction of a girl when she is asleep, intoxicated, or unconscious

Derived from 'piśāca' (demon, goblin) + 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Used here as a substantive to denote a specific type of marriage.

आसुरः (āsuraḥ) - the Āsura form of marriage (relating to Asuras)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsura

āsura - relating to Asuras (a class of powerful beings); a type of marriage where the bride is purchased from her father or guardians for a certain amount of money or cattle

Derived from 'asura' (demon) + 'aṇ' suffix.

Note: Used here as a substantive to denote a specific type of marriage.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कर्तव्यौ (kartavyau) - should be done, ought to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, duty, obligation

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, to make) with 'tavya' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with the implied dual subject (Paiśāca and Āsura forms).

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by no means, in no way, never

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here with 'na' to mean 'never' or 'under no circumstances'.