महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-44, verse-10

तिस्रो भार्या ब्राह्मणस्य द्वे भार्ये क्षत्रियस्य तु ।
वैश्यः स्वजातिं विन्देत तास्वपत्यं समं भवेत् ॥१०॥

10. tisro bhāryā brāhmaṇasya dve bhārye kṣatriyasya tu ,
vaiśyaḥ svajātiṁ vindeta tāsvapatyaṁ samaṁ bhavet.

10. tisraḥ bhāryā brāhmaṇasya dve bhārye kṣatriyasya tu
vaiśyaḥ svajātīm vindeta tāsu apatyam samam bhavet

10. A brahmin may have three wives, a kṣatriya two wives, and a vaiśya should marry a woman of his own class. The children born from these (wives) are considered equal.

Words meanings summery:

• तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, consort)

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin

• द्वे (dve) - two

• भार्ये (bhārye) - wives (dual)

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya

• तु (tu) - and, furthermore (but, indeed, however)

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a vaiśya (a vaiśya (a man of the merchant/farmer class))

• स्वजातीम् (svajātīm) - a woman of his own class (one's own caste/class)

• विन्देत (vindeta) - should marry (should obtain, should find, should marry)

• तासु (tāsu) - from these (wives) (among them, in them)

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring, children (offspring, progeny, child)

• समम् (samam) - equal (equal, same, similar)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, are considered (should be, may be, would be)

Words meanings and morphology

तिस्रः (tisraḥ) - three

(numeral)

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (wife, consort)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort, one who is to be maintained/supported

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle) originally, then nominalized.

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with 'ṇya' suffix, then feminized.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, a man of the priestly class

From 'brahman' with 'aṇ' suffix.

द्वे (dve) - two

(numeral)

भार्ये (bhārye) - wives (dual)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort, one who is to be maintained/supported

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle) originally, then nominalized.

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) with 'ṇya' suffix, then feminized.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kṣatriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a kṣatriya, a man of the warrior/ruling class

From 'kṣatra' (rule, power).

तु (tu) - and, furthermore (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a vaiśya (a vaiśya (a man of the merchant/farmer class))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - a vaiśya, a man of the third class (merchant, farmer, artisan)

From 'viś' (settlement, community) + 'ya' suffix.

स्वजातीम् (svajātīm) - a woman of his own class (one's own caste/class)

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+jāti)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (neuter)
• jāti – birth, class, caste, species
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born) + 'ti' suffix.
  Root: jan (class 4)

विन्देत (vindeta) - should marry (should obtain, should find, should marry)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of vind

Optative mood, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Root 'vid' (7th class) meaning 'to obtain'.

Root: vid (class 7)

तासु (tāsu) - from these (wives) (among them, in them)

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring, children (offspring, progeny, child)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, progeny, child

From 'apa' + root 'pat' (to fall) + 'ya' suffix. Literally, 'that which falls away (from the parent)'.

Prefix: apa

Root: pat (class 1)

समम् (samam) - equal (equal, same, similar)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - equal, same, similar, common, level

Note: Agrees with 'apatyam'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, are considered (should be, may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)