महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-44, verse-43

न हि धर्मविदः प्राहुः प्रमाणं वाक्यतः स्मृतम् ।
येषां वै शुल्कतो निष्ठा न पाणिग्रहणात्तथा ॥४३॥

43. na hi dharmavidaḥ prāhuḥ pramāṇaṁ vākyataḥ smṛtam ,
yeṣāṁ vai śulkato niṣṭhā na pāṇigrahaṇāttathā.

43. na hi dharmavidaḥ prāhuḥ pramāṇam vākyataḥ smṛtam
yeṣām vai śulkataḥ niṣṭhā na pāṇigrahaṇāt tathā

43. hi dharmavidaḥ na prāhuḥ pramāṇam vākyataḥ smṛtam
yeṣām vai niṣṭhā śulkataḥ na tathā pāṇigrahaṇāt

43. Indeed, those who know natural law (dharma) do not declare as authoritative, based on textual tradition (smṛti), a resolution made by payment of a bridal price (śulka) rather than by the ritual of hand-taking (pāṇigrahaṇa).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

• धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of natural law (dharma), those conversant with righteousness

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority, valid evidence, standard

• वाक्यतः (vākyataḥ) - by words, from statements, according to statements

• स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - that which is traditionally remembered (as custom or law) (remembered, traditional, sacred tradition (smṛti))

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

• शुल्कतः (śulkataḥ) - by means of a price/fee, from a price/fee

• निष्ठा (niṣṭhā) - basis, conclusion, resolution, agreement

• न (na) - not, no

• पाणिग्रहणात् (pāṇigrahaṇāt) - from the hand-taking (marriage ritual)

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

(indeclinable)

धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of natural law (dharma), those conversant with righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmavid

dharmavid - knower of natural law, righteous person

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• vid – knowing, knower, wise
  adjective
  agent noun from root √vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-ah

Perfect tense (irregular formation from root √brū/vac)

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority, valid evidence, standard

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - authority, valid evidence, measure, standard

वाक्यतः (vākyataḥ) - by words, from statements, according to statements

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix -tas to indicate 'by means of' or 'from'

स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - that which is traditionally remembered (as custom or law) (remembered, traditional, sacred tradition (smṛti))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected; also refers to Smṛti (traditional law)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √smṛ (to remember)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'pramāṇam' (implied: 'tat smṛtam' = 'that which is traditional')

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, certainly

(indeclinable)

शुल्कतः (śulkataḥ) - by means of a price/fee, from a price/fee

(indeclinable)

Formed with the suffix -tas to indicate 'by means of' or 'from'

निष्ठा (niṣṭhā) - basis, conclusion, resolution, agreement

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niṣṭhā

niṣṭhā - basis, conclusion, resolution, agreement, perfection

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पाणिग्रहणात् (pāṇigrahaṇāt) - from the hand-taking (marriage ritual)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pāṇigrahaṇa

pāṇigrahaṇa - taking of the hand, marriage ceremony

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇi+grahaṇa)

• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)
• grahaṇa – taking, seizing, receiving
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root √grah (to seize, take)
  Root: grah (class 9)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)