महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-44, verse-4

आवाह्यमावहेदेवं यो दद्यादनुकूलतः ।
शिष्टानां क्षत्रियाणां च धर्म एष सनातनः ॥४॥

4. āvāhyamāvahedevaṁ yo dadyādanukūlataḥ ,
śiṣṭānāṁ kṣatriyāṇāṁ ca dharma eṣa sanātanaḥ.

4. āvāhyam āvahet evam yaḥ dadyāt anukūlataḥ |
śiṣṭānām kṣatriyāṇām ca dharmaḥ eṣaḥ sanātanaḥ

4. āvāhyam evam āvahet,
yaḥ ca anukūlataḥ dadyāt eṣaḥ śiṣṭānām kṣatriyāṇām ca sanātanaḥ dharmaḥ (asti)

4. One should accept the bride (by leading her home) in this manner, and (a father) should give (his daughter) appropriately. This is the eternal duty (dharma) for cultured kshatriyas.

Words meanings summery:

• आवाह्यम् (āvāhyam) - the bride (who is to be taken into marriage) (the one to be led home (as a bride), the one to be married)

• आवाहेत् (āvāhet) - one should marry (the bride) (should lead (home), should marry, should accept in marriage)

• एवम् (evam) - in this manner (as described for brahmins in the previous verse) (thus, in this manner, so)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (the father who gives his daughter) (who, whoever)

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give (his daughter) (should give, may give)

• अनुकूलतः (anukūlataḥ) - appropriately, in a suitable manner (favorably, appropriately, suitably, willingly)

• शिष्टानाम् (śiṣṭānām) - of cultured (kshatriyas) (of the cultured, of the well-behaved, of the learned)

• क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - of kshatriyas (of kshatriyas (the warrior/ruling class))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty (for kshatriyas) (duty, righteousness, law, virtue)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (rule/dharma) (this, this one)

• सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (dharma/duty) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

Words meanings and morphology

आवाह्यम् (āvāhyam) - the bride (who is to be taken into marriage) (the one to be led home (as a bride), the one to be married)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āvāhya

āvāhya - to be led home, to be married (esp. for a bride), to be invited

gerundive (future passive participle)

From ā- + root vah (to carry, lead) + ya (gerundive suffix).

Prefix: ā

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Acts as the object of āvāhet.

आवाहेत् (āvāhet) - one should marry (the bride) (should lead (home), should marry, should accept in marriage)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of āvah

optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular

From ā- + root vah (to carry, lead).

Prefix: ā

Root: vah (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - in this manner (as described for brahmins in the previous verse) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the method described in the previous verse for Brahmins.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (the father who gives his daughter) (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to the giver (father).

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give (his daughter) (should give, may give)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular

From root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

अनुकूलतः (anukūlataḥ) - appropriately, in a suitable manner (favorably, appropriately, suitably, willingly)

(indeclinable)

Derived from anukūla (favorable, suitable) + tas (adverbial suffix).

शिष्टानाम् (śiṣṭānām) - of cultured (kshatriyas) (of the cultured, of the well-behaved, of the learned)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śiṣṭa

śiṣṭa - cultured, learned, well-behaved, obedient, taught

past passive participle

From root śiṣ (to teach, instruct).

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Also used as a noun meaning 'cultured people'.

क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - of kshatriyas (of kshatriyas (the warrior/ruling class))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - kshatriya (member of the warrior/ruling class), belonging to the ruling power

From kṣatra (rule, dominion).

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty (for kshatriyas) (duty, righteousness, law, virtue)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The word 'dharma' is used here in the sense of 'duty' or 'sacred law'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (rule/dharma) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the rule just stated.

सनातनः (sanātanaḥ) - eternal (dharma/duty) (eternal, perpetual, ancient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, perpetual, ancient, primeval

From sanā (from time immemorial) + tana (suffix).