महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-44, verse-47

अस्मिन्धर्मे सत्यवन्तं पर्यपृच्छन्त वै जनाः ।
कन्यायाः प्राप्तशुल्कायाः शुल्कदः प्रशमं गतः ॥४७॥

47. asmindharme satyavantaṁ paryapṛcchanta vai janāḥ ,
kanyāyāḥ prāptaśulkāyāḥ śulkadaḥ praśamaṁ gataḥ.

47. asmin dharme satyavantam paryapṛcchanta vai janāḥ
kanyāyāḥ prāptaśulkāyāḥ śulkadaḥ praśamam gataḥ

47. janāḥ vai asmin dharme satyavantam paryapṛcchanta
kanyāyāḥ prāptaśulkāyāḥ śulkadaḥ praśamam gataḥ

47. Regarding this matter of natural law (dharma), people indeed questioned Satyavant: 'What should be done about a maiden for whom the bride-price has been received, but the payer of the bride-price has departed (i.e., died)?'

Words meanings summery:

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this matter/topic (in this, on this)

• धर्मे (dharme) - in this matter of natural law (in natural law, in duty, in righteousness)

• सत्यवन्तम् (satyavantam) - Satyavant, the wise person being consulted (Satyavant (a proper name), one possessing truth)

• पर्यपृच्छन्त (paryapṛcchanta) - they asked, they questioned

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• कन्यायाः (kanyāyāḥ) - of a maiden, of a daughter

• प्राप्तशुल्कायाः (prāptaśulkāyāḥ) - for whom the bride-price has been received

• शुल्कदः (śulkadaḥ) - the one who paid the bride-price (the payer of the bride-price)

• प्रशमम् (praśamam) - to peace (implying death) (to peace, to tranquility, to cessation)

• गतः (gataḥ) - departed (i.e., died) (gone, departed, reached)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this matter/topic (in this, on this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Locative singular.

धर्मे (dharme) - in this matter of natural law (in natural law, in duty, in righteousness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue

Derived from √dhṛ (to support, uphold).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Locative singular.

सत्यवन्तम् (satyavantam) - Satyavant, the wise person being consulted (Satyavant (a proper name), one possessing truth)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of satyavat

satyavat - possessing truth, truthful; a proper name (Satyavant)

Derived from 'satya' (truth) with suffix '-vat'.

Note: Accusative singular.

पर्यपृच्छन्त (paryapṛcchanta) - they asked, they questioned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prach

With prefixes 'pari-' (around, thoroughly) and 'apa-' (away, off). The combination 'paryapṛcchanta' is from 'pari' + 'apṛcchanta' (imperfect of √prach).

Prefixes: pari+apa

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Third person plural imperfect active.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Nominative plural.

कन्यायाः (kanyāyāḥ) - of a maiden, of a daughter

(noun)

feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, girl, daughter

Note: Genitive singular.

प्राप्तशुल्कायाः (prāptaśulkāyāḥ) - for whom the bride-price has been received

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of prāptaśulkā

prāptaśulkā - one for whom the bride-price (śulka) has been received (prāpta)

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'prāpta' (received) + 'śulka' (bride-price).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+śulka)

• prāpta – obtained, received, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• śulka – bride-price, toll, tax
  noun (neuter)

Note: Genitive singular, agreeing with 'kanyāyāḥ'.

शुल्कदः (śulkadaḥ) - the one who paid the bride-price (the payer of the bride-price)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śulkada

śulkada - giver of bride-price, payer of tax

Compound of 'śulka' (bride-price) and 'da' (giver, from √dā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śulka+da)

• śulka – bride-price, toll, tax
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from √dā (to give).
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Nominative singular.

प्रशमम् (praśamam) - to peace (implying death) (to peace, to tranquility, to cessation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praśama

praśama - peace, tranquility, cessation, death

Derived from √śam (to be quiet, cease) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Accusative singular, object of 'gataḥ'.

गतः (gataḥ) - departed (i.e., died) (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Nominative singular, agreeing with 'śulkadaḥ'.