महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-126, verse-15

कथाश्चक्रुस्ततस्ते तु मधुरा धर्मसंहिताः ।
राजर्षीणां सुराणां च ये वसन्ति तपोधनाः ॥१५॥

15. kathāścakrustataste tu madhurā dharmasaṁhitāḥ ,
rājarṣīṇāṁ surāṇāṁ ca ye vasanti tapodhanāḥ.

15. kathāḥ cakruḥ tataḥ te tu madhurāḥ dharmasaṃhitāḥ
rājarṣīṇām surāṇām ca ye vasanti tapodhanāḥ

15. tataḥ tu te ye rājarṣīṇām ca surāṇām tapodhanāḥ
vasanti dharmasaṃhitāḥ madhurāḥ kathāḥ cakruḥ

15. Then, they indeed narrated sweet stories imbued with natural law (dharma), concerning the royal sages and gods who dwell as ascetics.

Words meanings summery:

• कथाः (kathāḥ) - stories, narratives, tales

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they narrated/told (they did, they made, they performed, they told)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards, from that

• ते (te) - they (referring to the people implicitly engaged in conversation) (they, those)

• तु (tu) - indeed (as an intensifier) (but, indeed, however, moreover, and)

• मधुराः (madhurāḥ) - sweet, pleasing, delightful, charming

• धर्मसंहिताः (dharmasaṁhitāḥ) - imbued with natural law (dharma) (endowed with (dharma), relating to (dharma), connected with (dharma))

• राजर्षीणाम् (rājarṣīṇām) - of royal sages

• सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of gods

• च (ca) - and, also

• ये (ye) - who, which

• वसन्ति (vasanti) - they dwell, they live, they reside

• तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - ascetics (who consider austerity their wealth) (whose wealth is austerity, rich in austerity, ascetics)

Words meanings and morphology

कथाः (kathāḥ) - stories, narratives, tales

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, speech, conversation

From root kath (to tell, speak) with suffix ā.

Root: kath (class 10)

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they narrated/told (they did, they made, they performed, they told)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

perfect active 3rd plural

Reduplicated perfect of root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards, from that

(indeclinable)

Formed with tas suffix from tad.

ते (te) - they (referring to the people implicitly engaged in conversation) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can be masculine, feminine, or neuter nominative plural, or masculine/neuter genitive/locative singular. Context suggests masculine nominative plural.

तु (tu) - indeed (as an intensifier) (but, indeed, however, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

मधुराः (madhurāḥ) - sweet, pleasing, delightful, charming

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of madhura

madhura - sweet, charming, pleasant, melodious

From madhu (honey).

Note: Qualifies kathāḥ.

धर्मसंहिताः (dharmasaṁhitāḥ) - imbued with natural law (dharma) (endowed with (dharma), relating to (dharma), connected with (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dharmasaṃhita

dharmasaṁhita - connected with dharma, containing dharma, agreeable to dharma

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+saṃhita)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• saṃhita – joined, united, connected, endowed with, composed, collected
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam + root dhā (to place, put) + suffix kta.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

राजर्षीणाम् (rājarṣīṇām) - of royal sages

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king and sage (combined)

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

सुराणाम् (surāṇām) - of gods

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Often contrasted with asura.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Postpositional conjunction.

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to rājarṣīṇām and surāṇām as collective 'those who'.

वसन्ति (vasanti) - they dwell, they live, they reside

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vas

present active 3rd plural

From root vas (to dwell).

Root: vas (class 1)

तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - ascetics (who consider austerity their wealth) (whose wealth is austerity, rich in austerity, ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is austerity, rich in asceticism, ascetic

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)