महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-12, verse-13

मृदुत्वं च तनुत्वं च विक्लवत्वं तथैव च ।
स्त्रीगुणा ऋषिभिः प्रोक्ता धर्मतत्त्वार्थदर्शिभिः ।
व्यायामः कर्कशत्वं च वीर्यं च पुरुषे गुणाः ॥१३॥

13. mṛdutvaṁ ca tanutvaṁ ca viklavatvaṁ tathaiva ca ,
strīguṇā ṛṣibhiḥ proktā dharmatattvārthadarśibhiḥ ,
vyāyāmaḥ karkaśatvaṁ ca vīryaṁ ca puruṣe guṇāḥ.

13. mṛdutvam ca tanutvam ca viklavatvam
tathā eva ca strīguṇāḥ ṛṣibhiḥ proktāḥ
dharmatattvārthadarśibhiḥ vyāyāmaḥ
karkaśatvam ca vīryam ca puruṣe guṇāḥ

13. mṛdutvam ca tanutvam ca viklavatvam ca
tathā eva ca strīguṇāḥ
dharmatattvārthadarśibhiḥ ṛṣibhiḥ proktāḥ vyāyāmaḥ
karkaśatvam ca vīryam ca puruṣe guṇāḥ

13. Softness, slenderness, and timidity—these are feminine qualities, and they have been declared thus by sages who perceive the true meaning of natural law (dharma). Exertion, toughness, and vigor are qualities in a man.

Words meanings summery:

• मृदुत्वम् (mṛdutvam) - softness, tenderness

• च (ca) - and

• तनुत्वम् (tanutvam) - slenderness, delicacy

• च (ca) - and

• विक्लवत्वम् (viklavatvam) - agitation, timidity, helplessness

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

• च (ca) - and

• स्त्रीगुणाः (strīguṇāḥ) - feminine qualities

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by seers

• प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared, stated, proclaimed

• धर्मतत्त्वार्थदर्शिभिः (dharmatattvārthadarśibhiḥ) - by those who perceive the true meaning of (natural) law (dharma)

• व्यायामः (vyāyāmaḥ) - exertion, exercise, effort

• कर्कशत्वम् (karkaśatvam) - toughness, harshness, roughness

• च (ca) - and

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - vigor, manliness, potency

• च (ca) - and

• पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in a man

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes

Words meanings and morphology

मृदुत्वम् (mṛdutvam) - softness, tenderness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛdutva

mṛdutva - softness, tenderness

Derived from 'mṛdu' (soft) with the abstract suffix '-tva'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तनुत्वम् (tanutvam) - slenderness, delicacy

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tanutva

tanutva - slenderness, delicacy, thinness

Derived from 'tanu' (slender, delicate) with the abstract suffix '-tva'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विक्लवत्वम् (viklavatvam) - agitation, timidity, helplessness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viklavatva

viklavatva - agitation, timidity, helplessness, perplexity

Derived from 'viklava' (agitated, timid) with the abstract suffix '-tva'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just, only

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्त्रीगुणाः (strīguṇāḥ) - feminine qualities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of strīguṇa

strīguṇa - feminine quality, womanly attribute

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (strī+guṇa)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, virtue
  noun (masculine)

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by sages, by seers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Agent in passive construction 'proktāḥ'.

प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - declared, stated, proclaimed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prokta

prokta - declared, stated, proclaimed, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vac' (to speak) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'strīguṇāḥ'.

धर्मतत्त्वार्थदर्शिभिः (dharmatattvārthadarśibhiḥ) - by those who perceive the true meaning of (natural) law (dharma)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dharmatattvārthadarśin

dharmatattvārthadarśin - one who perceives the true meaning of natural law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+tattva+artha+darśin)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – reality, truth, true state, essence
  noun (neuter)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)
• darśin – one who sees, discerning, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Adjective from root 'dṛś'
  Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix -in.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣibhiḥ' in case and number.

व्यायामः (vyāyāmaḥ) - exertion, exercise, effort

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāyāma

vyāyāma - exertion, exercise, effort, stretching

Derived from root 'yam' (to restrain, stretch) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: yam (class 1)

कर्कशत्वम् (karkaśatvam) - toughness, harshness, roughness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karkaśatva

karkaśatva - toughness, harshness, roughness

Derived from 'karkaśa' (harsh, rough) with the abstract suffix '-tva'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - vigor, manliness, potency

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - vigor, strength, manliness, potency, heroism

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुरुषे (puruṣe) - in a man

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - qualities, attributes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue