महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-12, verse-3

पुरा भङ्गाश्वनो नाम राजर्षिरतिधार्मिकः ।
अपुत्रः स नरव्याघ्र पुत्रार्थं यज्ञमाहरत् ॥३॥

3. purā bhaṅgāśvano nāma rājarṣiratidhārmikaḥ ,
aputraḥ sa naravyāghra putrārthaṁ yajñamāharat.

3. purā bhaṅgāśvanaḥ nāma rājarṣiḥ atidharmikaḥ
aputraḥ saḥ naravyāghraḥ putrārtham yajñam āharat

3. purā nāma atidharmikaḥ rājarṣiḥ bhaṅgāśvanaḥ
aputraḥ saḥ naravyāghraḥ putrārtham yajñam āharat

3. Long ago, there was an extremely righteous royal sage named Bhaṅgāśvana. That tiger among men (naravyāghra), being without a son, performed a Vedic ritual (yajña) for the purpose of obtaining a son.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, long ago

• भङ्गाश्वनः (bhaṅgāśvanaḥ) - The name of the king-sage (Bhaṅgāśvana)

• नाम (nāma) - by name (introducing the name) (name, indeed, by name)

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, king-sage

• अतिधर्मिकः (atidharmikaḥ) - extremely righteous, very pious

• अपुत्रः (aputraḥ) - sonless, without a son

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the king-sage Bhaṅgāśvana (he, that)

• नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - referring to the king-sage Bhaṅgāśvana, emphasizing his prowess (tiger among men, chief of men, excellent man)

• पुत्रार्थम् (putrārtham) - for the sake of a son, for a son

• यज्ञम् (yajñam) - Vedic ritual, sacrificial rite

• आहरत् (āharat) - he performed (the Vedic ritual) (he performed, he brought, he offered)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, long ago

(indeclinable)

भङ्गाश्वनः (bhaṅgāśvanaḥ) - The name of the king-sage (Bhaṅgāśvana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhaṅgāśvana

bhaṅgāśvana - name of a king-sage

नाम (nāma) - by name (introducing the name) (name, indeed, by name)

(indeclinable)

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, king-sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king-sage

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

अतिधर्मिकः (atidharmikaḥ) - extremely righteous, very pious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atidharmika

atidharmika - extremely righteous, very pious

Derived from 'dharma' with 'ati-' prefix and '-ika' suffix

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+dharmika)

• ati – excessive, beyond, over
  indeclinable
• dharmika – righteous, pious, virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from dharma

अपुत्रः (aputraḥ) - sonless, without a son

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aputra

aputra - sonless, without a son

Negative compound with 'a-'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+putra)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - referring to the king-sage Bhaṅgāśvana (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरव्याघ्रः (naravyāghraḥ) - referring to the king-sage Bhaṅgāśvana, emphasizing his prowess (tiger among men, chief of men, excellent man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, chief of men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

पुत्रार्थम् (putrārtham) - for the sake of a son, for a son

(indeclinable)

Compound with artha indicating purpose

Compound type : tatpurusha (putra+artha)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - Vedic ritual, sacrificial rite

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, sacrifice, offering

from root yaj-

Root: yaj (class 1)

आहरत् (āharat) - he performed (the Vedic ritual) (he performed, he brought, he offered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āhṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Form of āhṛ (ā + hṛ)