महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-12, verse-20

उवाच पुत्रांश्च ततः स्त्रीभूतः पार्थिवोत्तमः ।
संप्रीत्या भुज्यतां राज्यं वनं यास्यामि पुत्रकाः ।
अभिषिच्य स पुत्राणां शतं राजा वनं गतः ॥२०॥

20. uvāca putrāṁśca tataḥ strībhūtaḥ pārthivottamaḥ ,
saṁprītyā bhujyatāṁ rājyaṁ vanaṁ yāsyāmi putrakāḥ ,
abhiṣicya sa putrāṇāṁ śataṁ rājā vanaṁ gataḥ.

20. uvāca putrān ca tataḥ strībhūtaḥ
pārthivottamaḥ saṃprītyā bhujyatām
rājyam vanam yāsyāmi putrakāḥ abhiṣicya
sa putrāṇām śatam rājā vanam gataḥ

20. tataḥ strībhūtaḥ pārthivottamaḥ putrān
ca saṃprītyā uvāca putrakāḥ rājyam
bhujyatām vanam yāsyāmi sa putrāṇām
śatam abhiṣicya rājā vanam gataḥ

20. Then, having become a woman, that excellent king said to his sons with affection: "May the kingdom be enjoyed (by you). O sons, I will go to the forest." Having consecrated his hundred sons, the king went to the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - to his sons (sons, children)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• स्त्रीभूतः (strībhūtaḥ) - having become a woman (having become a woman, transformed into a woman)

• पार्थिवोत्तमः (pārthivottamaḥ) - that excellent king (best among kings, excellent ruler)

• संप्रीत्या (saṁprītyā) - with affection (with great affection, amicably, with pleasure)

• भुज्यताम् (bhujyatām) - may it be enjoyed (let it be enjoyed, let it be governed)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood)

• यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I will go

• पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O sons! (O sons!, O dear children!)

• अभिषिच्य (abhiṣicya) - Having consecrated (having consecrated, having anointed)

• स (sa) - that (king) (he, that)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of his sons (of sons, of children)

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred (sons) (a hundred)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood)

• गतः (gataḥ) - went (gone, went)

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - he said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root VAC, class 2, irregular perfect form

Root: vac (class 2)

पुत्रान् (putrān) - to his sons (sons, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects with the preceding action.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb from pronominal root tad-

Note: Temporal adverb.

स्त्रीभूतः (strībhūtaḥ) - having become a woman (having become a woman, transformed into a woman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of strībhūta

strībhūta - become a woman

Past Passive Participle

Compound: strī (woman) + bhūta (become). From root BHŪ (to be, become)

Compound type : tatpurusha (strī+bhūta)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• bhūta – become, been, existing
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root BHŪ (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `pārthivottamaḥ`.

पार्थिवोत्तमः (pārthivottamaḥ) - that excellent king (best among kings, excellent ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthivottama

pārthivottama - best among kings

Compound: pārthiva (king) + uttama (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārthiva+uttama)

• pārthiva – king, earthly ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pṛthivī (earth)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of ud (up)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

संप्रीत्या (saṁprītyā) - with affection (with great affection, amicably, with pleasure)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of saṃprīti

saṁprīti - affection, love, pleasure

From root PRĪ (to please, love) with prefix SAM-

Prefix: sam

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Manner of speaking.

भुज्यताम् (bhujyatām) - may it be enjoyed (let it be enjoyed, let it be governed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of bhuj

Imperative Passive

Root BHUJ, class 7, passive imperative 3rd singular

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used with `rājyam`.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, royal power

Derived from rājan (king)

Note: Subject of the passive imperative `bhujyatām`.

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Destination of movement.

यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I will go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā

Future Active

Root YĀ, class 2, future 1st singular

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Speaker's action.

पुत्रकाः (putrakāḥ) - O sons! (O sons!, O dear children!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of putraka

putraka - dear son, little son (diminutive/affectionate)

From putra with affix -ka

Note: Addressed term.

अभिषिच्य (abhiṣicya) - Having consecrated (having consecrated, having anointed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root SIC (to sprinkle) with prefix ABHI-, absolutives in -ya instead of -tvā when prefixed

Prefix: abhi

Root: sic (class 6)

Note: Indicates prior action.

स (sa) - that (king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of his sons (of sons, of children)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Possessive, governing `śatam`.

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred (sons) (a hundred)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śata

śata - hundred

Note: Object of `abhiṣicya`.

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of `gataḥ`.

वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Destination of movement.

गतः (gataḥ) - went (gone, went)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, moved, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root GAM (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Acts as the main verb (past tense).