महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-12, verse-17

अथोवाच स राजर्षिः स्त्रीभूतो वदतां वरः ।
मृगयामस्मि निर्यातो बलैः परिवृतो दृढम् ।
उद्भ्रान्तः प्राविशं घोरामटवीं दैवमोहितः ॥१७॥

17. athovāca sa rājarṣiḥ strībhūto vadatāṁ varaḥ ,
mṛgayāmasmi niryāto balaiḥ parivṛto dṛḍham ,
udbhrāntaḥ prāviśaṁ ghorāmaṭavīṁ daivamohitaḥ.

17. atha uvāca saḥ rājarṣiḥ strībhūtaḥ
vadatām varaḥ mṛgayām asmi niryātaḥ
balaiḥ parivṛtaḥ dṛḍham udbhrāntaḥ
prāviśam ghorām aṭavīm daivamohitaḥ

17. atha saḥ strībhūtaḥ vadatām varaḥ rājarṣiḥ uvāca: "balaiḥ dṛḍham parivṛtaḥ mṛgayām niryātaḥ asmi.
udbhrāntaḥ daivamohitaḥ ghorām aṭavīm prāviśam.
"

17. Then, that royal sage, who had become a woman and was the best of speakers, said: 'I set out for hunting, strongly surrounded by troops. Bewildered and deluded by divine will (daiva), I entered a dreadful forest.'

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, subsequently (then, now, moreover)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (he) spoke (he said, he spoke)

• सः (saḥ) - that (royal sage) (he, that one)

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - that royal sage (royal sage, king-sage)

• स्त्रीभूतः (strībhūtaḥ) - having become a woman (having become a woman, transformed into a woman)

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers (of those speaking, among speakers)

• वरः (varaḥ) - best (of speakers) (best, excellent, desired, boon)

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for hunting (hunting, the chase)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am (departed) (I am, I exist)

• निर्यातः (niryātaḥ) - (I) set out (gone forth, departed, set out)

• बलैः (balaiḥ) - by troops (by forces, by troops, by strength)

• परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by troops) (surrounded, encompassed, accompanied)

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strongly, firmly (firmly, strongly, exceedingly, hard)

• उद्भ्रान्तः (udbhrāntaḥ) - bewildered (bewildered, agitated, confused, driven out)

• प्राविशम् (prāviśam) - I entered (a forest) (I entered)

• घोराम् (ghorām) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)

• अटवीम् (aṭavīm) - a forest (forest, wilderness, jungle)

• दैवमोहितः (daivamohitaḥ) - deluded by divine will (daiva) (deluded by fate, bewildered by destiny)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, subsequently (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - (he) spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

3rd person singular, active voice. Reduplicated root.

Root: vac (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - that (royal sage) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Subject of uvāca.

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - that royal sage (royal sage, king-sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, a king who is also a sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with saḥ.

स्त्रीभूतः (strībhūtaḥ) - having become a woman (having become a woman, transformed into a woman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of strībhūta

strībhūta - having become a woman, transformed into a woman

Past Passive Participle

Compound of strī (woman) and bhūta (become).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (strī+bhūta)

• strī – woman, female
  noun (feminine)
• bhūta – become, happened, existing, being
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājarṣiḥ.

वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers (of those speaking, among speakers)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying, one who speaks

Present Active Participle

From root vad (to speak).

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Part of a superlative construction "best of speakers."

वरः (varaḥ) - best (of speakers) (best, excellent, desired, boon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, bridegroom

Root: vṛ

Note: Agrees with rājarṣiḥ.

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - for hunting (hunting, the chase)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, the chase, pursuit of game

Root: mṛg (class 10)

Note: Object of niryātaḥ (implied action of going).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am (departed) (I am, I exist)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense

1st person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

निर्यातः (niryātaḥ) - (I) set out (gone forth, departed, set out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niryāta

niryāta - gone forth, departed, issued

Past Passive Participle

From root yā (to go) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied 'I'.

बलैः (balaiḥ) - by troops (by forces, by troops, by strength)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Agent of parivṛtaḥ.

परिवृतः (parivṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by troops) (surrounded, encompassed, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose) with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strongly, firmly (firmly, strongly, exceedingly, hard)

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛh (class 1)

Note: Modifies parivṛtaḥ.

उद्भ्रान्तः (udbhrāntaḥ) - bewildered (bewildered, agitated, confused, driven out)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udbhrānta

udbhrānta - bewildered, agitated, confused, driven out, wandering

Past Passive Participle

From root bhram (to wander) with prefix ud-.

Prefix: ud

Root: bhram (class 1)

प्राविशम् (prāviśam) - I entered (a forest) (I entered)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pra-viś

Imperfect tense

1st person singular, active voice, from root viś with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

घोराम् (ghorām) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

Root: ghur

अटवीम् (aṭavīm) - a forest (forest, wilderness, jungle)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aṭavī

aṭavī - forest, wilderness, jungle

Root: aṭ (class 1)

दैवमोहितः (daivamohitaḥ) - deluded by divine will (daiva) (deluded by fate, bewildered by destiny)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daivamohita

daivamohita - deluded by fate, bewildered by destiny, infatuated by the divine

Past Passive Participle

Compound of daiva (fate/divine will) and mohita (deluded).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+mohita)

• daiva – divine, fate, destiny, divine will
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from deva (god).
• mohita – deluded, infatuated, bewildered, confused
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muh (to be bewildered, faint).
  Root: muh (class 4)