महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-12, verse-12

जातं महाबलानां वै तान्प्रवक्ष्यामि किं त्वहम् ।
दारेषु चास्मदीयेषु पौरजानपदेषु च ॥१२॥

12. jātaṁ mahābalānāṁ vai tānpravakṣyāmi kiṁ tvaham ,
dāreṣu cāsmadīyeṣu paurajānapadeṣu ca.

12. jātam mahābalānām vai tān pravakṣyāmi kim tu
aham dāreṣu ca asmadīyeṣu paurajānapadeṣu ca

12. aham tu kim vai tān jātam mahābalānām pravakṣyāmi
ca asmadīyeṣu dāreṣu ca paurajānapadeṣu

12. What, then, shall I indeed say to them, my powerful sons who are born? And (what shall I say) to our wives, and to the citizens and countryfolk?

Words meanings summery:

• जातम् (jātam) - those who are born (referring to the sons) (born, arisen, produced; progeny)

• महाबलानाम् (mahābalānām) - of my powerful sons (of the mighty ones, of great strength)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

• तान् (tān) - those (sons) (them)

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I shall tell, I shall say

• किम् (kim) - what? (interrogative pronoun/particle)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• अहम् (aham) - I

• दारेषु (dāreṣu) - among wives

• च (ca) - and

• अस्मदीयेषु (asmadīyeṣu) - among our own

• पौरजानपदेषु (paurajānapadeṣu) - among citizens and countryfolk, among the inhabitants of city and country

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

जातम् (jātam) - those who are born (referring to the sons) (born, arisen, produced; progeny)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen; a creature, progeny

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'jan' (to be born). Can function as a noun.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Contextually referring to the sons mentioned in the previous verse.

महाबलानाम् (mahābalānām) - of my powerful sons (of the mighty ones, of great strength)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful; a strong man

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'tān' (them, referring to sons).

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those (sons) (them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the sons mentioned in the previous verse.

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I shall tell, I shall say

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pravac

Future Tense

Root 'vac' with prefix 'pra', Future tense, Parasmaipada, 1st person singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what? (interrogative pronoun/particle)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative particle.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

दारेषु (dāreṣu) - among wives

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife (often plural for singular meaning)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्मदीयेषु (asmadīyeṣu) - among our own

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of asmadīya

asmadīya - our own, belonging to us

Derived from 'asmad' (we) with suffix -īya.

Note: Agrees with 'dāreṣu' and 'paurajānapadeṣu'.

पौरजानपदेषु (paurajānapadeṣu) - among citizens and countryfolk, among the inhabitants of city and country

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of paurajānapada

paurajānapada - citizens and countryfolk, people of the city and country

Compound type : dvandva (paura+jānapada)

• paura – citizen, city-dweller
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'pura' (city).
• jānapada – countryman, inhabitant of a country/district
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'janapada' (country, district).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)