महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-12, verse-28

इन्द्रेण भेदितास्ते तु युद्धेऽन्योन्यमपातयन् ।
तच्छ्रुत्वा तापसी चापि संतप्ता प्ररुरोद ह ॥२८॥

28. indreṇa bheditāste tu yuddhe'nyonyamapātayan ,
tacchrutvā tāpasī cāpi saṁtaptā praruroda ha.

28. indreṇa bheditāḥ te tu yuddhe anyonyam apātayan
tat śrutvā tāpasī ca api saṃtaptā praruroda ha

28. Divided by Indra, they killed each other in battle. Hearing this, the female ascetic, greatly distressed, indeed wept aloud.

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• भेदिताः (bheditāḥ) - divided, split, separated

• ते (te) - they

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, each other

• अपातयन् (apātayan) - they killed, they caused to fall

• तत् (tat) - this (news/event) (that, this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तापसी (tāpasī) - female ascetic, hermitess

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• संतप्ता (saṁtaptā) - greatly distressed (distressed, afflicted, tormented)

• प्ररुरोद (praruroda) - she wept aloud, she cried out

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the devas, god of thunder and rain)

भेदिताः (bheditāḥ) - divided, split, separated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhedita

bhedita - divided, split, caused to be broken

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Formed from causative stem of root 'bhid' (to split) + 'ta' suffix

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Functions predicatively for 'they'.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

From root 'yudh' (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, each other

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'anya' (other)

Note: Functions as an adverb here.

अपातयन् (apātayan) - they killed, they caused to fall

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of pātaya

Causative verb

Causative stem of root 'pat' (to fall)

Root: pat (class 1)

तत् (tat) - this (news/event) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' + 'tvā' suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

तापसी (tāpasī) - female ascetic, hermitess

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tāpasī

tāpasī - female ascetic, hermitess

Feminine form of 'tāpasa'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

संतप्ता (saṁtaptā) - greatly distressed (distressed, afflicted, tormented)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃtapta

saṁtapta - distressed, heated, tormented, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'tap' (to heat, suffer) with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tāpasī'.

प्ररुरोद (praruroda) - she wept aloud, she cried out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of prarud

Prefix: pra

Root: rud (class 2)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)