महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-253, verse-7

स दृश्यमानो रक्षोभिर्जलमध्येऽवदत्ततः ।
अब्रुवंश्च पिशाचास्तं नैवं त्वं वक्तुमर्हसि ॥७॥

7. sa dṛśyamāno rakṣobhirjalamadhye'vadattataḥ ,
abruvaṁśca piśācāstaṁ naivaṁ tvaṁ vaktumarhasi.

7. saḥ dṛśyamānaḥ rakṣobhiḥ jalamadhye avadat tataḥ
abruvan ca piśācāḥ tam na evam tvam vaktum arhasi

7. rakṣobhiḥ jalamadhye dṛśyamānaḥ saḥ tataḥ avadat
ca piśācāḥ tam abruvan tvam evam vaktum na arhasi

7. Being seen by the Rākṣasas, he then spoke from the middle of the water. And the piśācas said to him, 'You are not fit to speak in such a way.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Jājali) (he, that)

• दृश्यमानः (dṛśyamānaḥ) - being seen (by the Rākṣasas) (being seen, perceived)

• रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by the Rākṣasas (who were in the water) (by demons, by Rākṣasas)

• जलमध्ये (jalamadhye) - in the middle of the water (where Jājali was performing austerities) (in the middle of the water, underwater)

• अवदत् (avadat) - Jājali spoke (he spoke, he said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after being seen (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - the piśācas said (they said, they spoke)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पिशाचाः (piśācāḥ) - the piśācas (who were addressing Jājali) (goblins, fiends, piśācas)

• तम् (tam) - to him (Jājali) (him, that)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एवम् (evam) - in such a way, like this (thus, in this manner)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Jājali) (you)

• वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak (in this manner) (to speak, to say)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are fit (to speak in such a way) (you are able, you are fit, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Jājali) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'

दृश्यमानः (dṛśyamānaḥ) - being seen (by the Rākṣasas) (being seen, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛśyamāna

dṛśyamāna - being seen, visible

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-yamāna'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रक्षोभिः (rakṣobhiḥ) - by the Rākṣasas (who were in the water) (by demons, by Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, Rākṣasa, fiend

जलमध्ये (jalamadhye) - in the middle of the water (where Jājali was performing austerities) (in the middle of the water, underwater)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jalamadhya

jalamadhya - middle of the water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+madhya)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (masculine)

अवदत् (avadat) - Jājali spoke (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vad

Imperfect Tense

Imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person singular

Prefix: a

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Augment 'a' for past tense

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after being seen (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - the piśācas said (they said, they spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

Imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person plural

Prefix: a

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Augment 'a' for past tense

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पिशाचाः (piśācāḥ) - the piśācas (who were addressing Jājali) (goblins, fiends, piśācas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piśāca

piśāca - goblin, fiend, a type of demon

तम् (tam) - to him (Jājali) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine accusative singular of 'tad'

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - in such a way, like this (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Jājali) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular and plural)

Note: Nominative singular of 'yuṣmad'

वक्तुम् (vaktum) - to speak (in this manner) (to speak, to say)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you are fit (to speak in such a way) (you are able, you are fit, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense (laṭ), 2nd person singular

Root: arh (class 1)