महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-253, verse-41

संभाव्य चटकान्मूर्ध्नि जाजलिर्जपतां वरः ।
आस्फोटयत्तदाकाशे धर्मः प्राप्तो मयेति वै ॥४१॥

41. saṁbhāvya caṭakānmūrdhni jājalirjapatāṁ varaḥ ,
āsphoṭayattadākāśe dharmaḥ prāpto mayeti vai.

41. saṃbhāvya caṭakān mūrdhni jājaliḥ japatām varaḥ
āsphoṭayat tadā ākāśe dharmaḥ prāptaḥ mayā iti vai

41. japatām varaḥ jājaliḥ mūrdhni caṭakān saṃbhāvya tadā
ākāśe "mayā dharmaḥ prāptaḥ vai" iti āsphoṭayat

41. Jājali, the foremost among those who chant, having revered the sparrows (that were perched) on his head, then clapped his hands in the sky, (proclaiming) 'Indeed, the natural law (dharma) has been attained by me!'

Words meanings summery:

• संभाव्य (saṁbhāvya) - having honored, having revered, having respected

• चटकान् (caṭakān) - sparrows

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

• जाजलिः (jājaliḥ) - Jājali (a sage's name)

• जपताम् (japatām) - of those chanting/reciting

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, foremost

• आस्फोटयत् (āsphoṭayat) - clapped, thumped, made a cracking sound

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, achieved, reached

• मया (mayā) - by me

• इति (iti) - thus, (introducing a quote)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

संभाव्य (saṁbhāvya) - having honored, having revered, having respected

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive form derived from root 'bhū' with prefix 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

चटकान् (caṭakān) - sparrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of caṭaka

caṭaka - sparrow

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

जाजलिः (jājaliḥ) - Jājali (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jājali

jājali - Jājali (proper name of a sage)

जपताम् (japatām) - of those chanting/reciting

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of japat

japat - chanting, reciting, muttering prayers

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'jap'

Root: jap (class 1)

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon

आस्फोटयत् (āsphoṭayat) - clapped, thumped, made a cracking sound

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sphuṭ

Causative form

Imperfect 3rd singular active of the causative root 'sphuṭ'

Prefix: ā

Root: sphuṭ (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, achieved, reached

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, achieved, reached, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

इति (iti) - thus, (introducing a quote)

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)