महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-253, verse-45

कालेन महतागच्छत्स तु वाराणसीं पुरीम् ।
विक्रीणन्तं च पण्यानि तुलाधारं ददर्श सः ॥४५॥

45. kālena mahatāgacchatsa tu vārāṇasīṁ purīm ,
vikrīṇantaṁ ca paṇyāni tulādhāraṁ dadarśa saḥ.

45. kālena mahatā āgacchat saḥ tu vārāṇasīm purīm
vikrīṇantam ca paṇyāni tulādhāram dadarśa saḥ

45. saḥ tu mahatā kālena vārāṇasīm purīm āgacchat
saḥ ca paṇyāni vikrīṇantam tulādhāram dadarśa

45. After a long time, that sage arrived at the city of Varanasi. There, he saw Tuladhara selling his merchandise.

Words meanings summery:

• कालेन (kālena) - after a period of time (by time, in time, after a period)

• महता (mahatā) - long (time) (great, long (instrumental singular))

• आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - he arrived (he came, he arrived)

• सः (saḥ) - the sage (he, that)

• तु (tu) - but (emphasizing arrival after wandering) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• वाराणसीम् (vārāṇasīm) - to Varanasi

• पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

• विक्रीणन्तम् (vikrīṇantam) - selling (merchandise) (selling (present active participle))

• च (ca) - and

• पण्यानि (paṇyāni) - goods (for sale) (merchandise, goods, wares)

• तुलाधारम् (tulādhāram) - the merchant Tuladhara (Tuladhara (accusative))

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

• सः (saḥ) - the sage (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

कालेन (kālena) - after a period of time (by time, in time, after a period)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, appropriate time

Root: kal (class 10)

महता (mahatā) - long (time) (great, long (instrumental singular))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

आगच्छत् (āgacchat) - he arrived (he came, he arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

imperfect tense

3rd person singular, imperfect indicative, active voice

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - the sage (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

तु (tu) - but (emphasizing arrival after wandering) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

वाराणसीम् (vārāṇasīm) - to Varanasi

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vārāṇasī

vārāṇasī - Varanasi (a holy city in India)

पुरीम् (purīm) - to the city

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town

Root: pṛ (class 3)

विक्रीणन्तम् (vikrīṇantam) - selling (merchandise) (selling (present active participle))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vikrīṇat

vikrīṇat - selling, bartering

Present Active Participle

From root krī (to buy) with prefix vi (meaning 'to sell')

Prefix: vi

Root: krī (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पण्यानि (paṇyāni) - goods (for sale) (merchandise, goods, wares)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of paṇya

paṇya - merchandise, goods, to be sold

Gerundive (implied meaning)

From root paṇ (to barter, praise)

Root: paṇ (class 1)

तुलाधारम् (tulādhāram) - the merchant Tuladhara (Tuladhara (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tulādhāra

tulādhāra - a merchant, one who holds a balance, Tuladhara (a proper name)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tulā+dhāra)

• tulā – balance, scale
  noun (feminine)
• dhāra – holding, bearing, supporting
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dṛś

perfect tense

3rd person singular, perfect indicative, active voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - the sage (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it