महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-15, verse-58

देहान्पुराणानुत्सृज्य नवान्संप्रतिपद्यते ।
एवं मृत्युमुखं प्राहुर्ये जनास्तत्त्वदर्शिनः ॥५८॥

58. dehānpurāṇānutsṛjya navānsaṁpratipadyate ,
evaṁ mṛtyumukhaṁ prāhurye janāstattvadarśinaḥ.

58. dehān purāṇān utsṛjya navān sampra-tipadyate |
evam mṛtyumukham prāhuḥ ye janāḥ tattvadarśinaḥ

58. (jīvaḥ) purāṇān dehān utsṛjya navān sampra-tipadyate.
ye tattvadarśinaḥ janāḥ (santi),
te evam (etat) mṛtyumukham prāhuḥ.

58. Abandoning old bodies, one obtains new ones. Those people who are seers of truth (tattvadarśin) describe this process as the gateway of death.

Words meanings summery:

• देहान् (dehān) - bodies

• पुराणान् (purāṇān) - old, ancient

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having given up, abandoning, discarding

• नवान् (navān) - new, fresh

• सम्प्र-तिपद्यते (sampra-tipadyate) - obtains, acquires, enters fully

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

• मृत्युमुखम् (mṛtyumukham) - the mouth of death, the gateway of death, the face of death

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they describe

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

• तत्त्वदर्शिनः (tattvadarśinaḥ) - seers of truth, knowers of reality

Words meanings and morphology

देहान् (dehān) - bodies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deha

deha - body, physical frame, form

From √dih (to smear), referring to a form that is shaped or smeared.

Root: dih (class 1)

पुराणान् (purāṇān) - old, ancient

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of purāṇa

purāṇa - old, ancient, aged

From purā (formerly).

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having given up, abandoning, discarding

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive formed from ud-√sṛj (to cast off, release).

Prefix: ud

Root: sṛj (class 6)

नवान् (navān) - new, fresh

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nava

nava - new, fresh, young

सम्प्र-तिपद्यते (sampra-tipadyate) - obtains, acquires, enters fully

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pad

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From root √pad with prefixes sam- and prati-. Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, present indicative, middle voice.

Prefixes: sam+prati

Root: pad (class 4)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way, so

(indeclinable)

मृत्युमुखम् (mṛtyumukham) - the mouth of death, the gateway of death, the face of death

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mṛtyumukha

mṛtyumukha - mouth of death, face of death, gateway of death

Compound of mṛtyu (death) and mukha (mouth, face, entrance).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mṛtyu+mukha)

• mṛtyu – death
  noun (masculine)
  From √mṛ (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• mukha – mouth, face, entrance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: muk

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they say, they declare, they describe

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

From root √ah (to say) with prefix pra-. Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural, perfect indicative, active voice (often used in the sense of a present-day general statement).

Prefix: pra

Root: ah (class 2)

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

From √jan (to be born, produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

तत्त्वदर्शिनः (tattvadarśinaḥ) - seers of truth, knowers of reality

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tattvadarśin

tattvadarśin - seer of truth, knower of reality, philosopher

Compound of tattva (truth, reality) and darśin (seeing, one who sees).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+darśin)

• tattva – truth, reality, essence
  noun (neuter)
  From tad (that) + tva (suffix for abstract noun), meaning 'that-ness' or 'reality'.
• darśin – seeing, beholding, one who sees
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √dṛś (to see)
  Derived from √dṛś (to see) with suffix -in, denoting an agent.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)