महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-15, verse-31

सत्यं चेदं ब्रह्मणा पूर्वमुक्तं दण्डः प्रजा रक्षति साधु नीतः ।
पश्याग्नयश्च प्रतिशाम्यन्त्यभीताः संतर्जिता दण्डभयाज्ज्वलन्ति ॥३१॥

31. satyaṁ cedaṁ brahmaṇā pūrvamuktaṁ; daṇḍaḥ prajā rakṣati sādhu nītaḥ ,
paśyāgnayaśca pratiśāmyantyabhītāḥ; saṁtarjitā daṇḍabhayājjvalanti.

31. satyam ca idam brahmaṇā pūrvam uktam
daṇḍaḥ prajāḥ rakṣati sādhu nītaḥ
paśya agnayaḥ ca pratiśāmyanti
abhītāḥ saṃtarjitāḥ daṇḍabhayāt jvalanti

31. idam satyam ca brahmaṇā pūrvam uktam
sādhu nītaḥ daṇḍaḥ prajāḥ rakṣati
paśya abhītāḥ agnayaḥ ca pratiśāmyanti
daṇḍabhayāt saṃtarjitāḥ jvalanti

31. This truth was indeed previously stated by Brahmā: punishment (daṇḍa), when properly administered, protects the people. See how even fires, if unthreatened, might subside, but when made to feel the fear of punishment (daṇḍa), they blaze forth (as they should).

Words meanings summery:

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

• च (ca) - and, also

• इदम् (idam) - this

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

• उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, declared

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, rod, staff

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects, progeny

• रक्षति (rakṣati) - protects, guards

• साधु (sādhu) - properly, well, rightly

• नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, guided, applied

• पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

• अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - fires

• च (ca) - and, also

• प्रतिशाम्यन्ति (pratiśāmyanti) - subside, become quiet

• अभीताः (abhītāḥ) - unafraid, unthreatened

• संतर्जिताः (saṁtarjitāḥ) - intimidated, threatened

• दण्डभयात् (daṇḍabhayāt) - from the fear of punishment

• ज्वलन्ति (jvalanti) - they blaze forth (as they should) (they blaze, burn)

Words meanings and morphology

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - true, real; truth, reality

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity); supreme reality (brahman); sacred word, prayer

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken, declared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Root: vac (class 2)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, rod, staff

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff; punishment, scepter; chastisement

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects, progeny

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creatures

रक्षति (rakṣati) - protects, guards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of rakṣ

present tense active voice

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

साधु (sādhu) - properly, well, rightly

(indeclinable)

नीतः (nītaḥ) - led, guided, applied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nīta

nīta - led, guided, brought; applied, executed

Past Passive Participle

Root: nī (class 1)

पश्य (paśya) - behold, see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

present stem paśya from √dṛś; imperative mood

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अग्नयः (agnayaḥ) - fires

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of agni

agni - fire; Agni (deity)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

प्रतिशाम्यन्ति (pratiśāmyanti) - subside, become quiet

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pratiśam

present tense active voice

Prefix: prati

Root: śam (class 4)

अभीताः (abhītāḥ) - unafraid, unthreatened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhīta

abhīta - unafraid, fearless, unthreatened

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhīta)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• bhīta – feared, afraid
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: bhī (class 3)

संतर्जिताः (saṁtarjitāḥ) - intimidated, threatened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃtarjita

saṁtarjita - threatened, intimidated, scared

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: sam

Root: tarj (class 10)

दण्डभयात् (daṇḍabhayāt) - from the fear of punishment

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daṇḍabhaya

daṇḍabhaya - fear of punishment

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+bhaya)

• daṇḍa – punishment, rod
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)

ज्वलन्ति (jvalanti) - they blaze forth (as they should) (they blaze, burn)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jval

present tense active voice

Root: jval (class 1)