महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-15, verse-8

यस्माददान्तान्दमयत्यशिष्टान्दण्डयत्यपि ।
दमनाद्दण्डनाच्चैव तस्माद्दण्डं विदुर्बुधाः ॥८॥

8. yasmādadāntāndamayatyaśiṣṭāndaṇḍayatyapi ,
damanāddaṇḍanāccaiva tasmāddaṇḍaṁ vidurbudhāḥ.

8. yasmāt adāntān damayati aśiṣṭān daṇḍayati api
damanāt daṇḍanāt ca eva tasmāt daṇḍam viduḥ budhāḥ

8. Because it subdues the unrestrained and also punishes the ill-behaved, and indeed from this act of subduing and punishing, the wise understand it as punishment (daṇḍa).

Words meanings summery:

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (from which, because, since)

• अदान्तान् (adāntān) - the unrestrained (the untamed, the unrestrained)

• दमयति (damayati) - it subdues (it tames, it subdues)

• अशिष्टान् (aśiṣṭān) - the ill-behaved (the ill-behaved, the unruly, the undisciplined)

• दण्डयति (daṇḍayati) - it punishes (it punishes, it fines)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• दमनात् (damanāt) - from subduing (from taming, from subduing)

• दण्डनात् (daṇḍanāt) - from punishing (from punishing, from infliction of punishment)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, merely)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore, for that reason)

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment (punishment, stick, staff)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they understand (they know, they understand)

• बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise (the wise, sages, intelligent ones)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (from which, because, since)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

Note: Used as an indeclinable conjunction 'because'.

अदान्तान् (adāntān) - the unrestrained (the untamed, the unrestrained)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of adānta

adānta - untamed, unsubdued, unrestrained, wild

Negative prefix a- + past passive participle of dam

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dānta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dānta – tamed, subdued, restrained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dam (to tame, subdue)
  Root: dam (class 4)

दमयति (damayati) - it subdues (it tames, it subdues)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dam

present active indicative

third person singular, causative stem damayati

Root: dam (class 1)

अशिष्टान् (aśiṣṭān) - the ill-behaved (the ill-behaved, the unruly, the undisciplined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśiṣṭa

aśiṣṭa - ill-behaved, unruly, undisciplined, impolite

Negative prefix a- + past passive participle of śiṣ

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śiṣṭa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śiṣṭa – disciplined, taught, well-behaved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śiṣ (to teach, to discipline)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

दण्डयति (daṇḍayati) - it punishes (it punishes, it fines)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of daṇḍ

present active indicative

third person singular, from the denominative stem daṇḍaya

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

दमनात् (damanāt) - from subduing (from taming, from subduing)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of damana

damana - taming, subduing, controlling, restraint

Action noun from root dam

Root: dam (class 1)

दण्डनात् (daṇḍanāt) - from punishing (from punishing, from infliction of punishment)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of daṇḍana

daṇḍana - punishing, infliction of punishment, chastisement

Action noun from root daṇḍ

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, merely)

(indeclinable)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (from that, therefore, for that reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Used as an indeclinable 'therefore'.

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment (punishment, stick, staff)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, punishment, scepter, mace, fine, penalty

Root: daṇḍ (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they understand (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

present active indicative

third person plural, from root vid (2nd class)

Root: vid (class 2)

बुधाः (budhāḥ) - the wise (the wise, sages, intelligent ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, awakened, sage, learned person

Root: budh (class 1)