महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-15, verse-55

आततायी हि यो हन्यादाततायिनमागतम् ।
न तेन भ्रूणहा स स्यान्मन्युस्तं मन्युमृच्छति ॥५५॥

55. ātatāyī hi yo hanyādātatāyinamāgatam ,
na tena bhrūṇahā sa syānmanyustaṁ manyumṛcchati.

55. ātatāyī hi yaḥ hanyāt ātatāyinam āgatam | na
tena bhrūṇahā saḥ syāt manyuḥ tam manyum ṛcchati

55. yaḥ ātatāyinam āgatam hanyāt,
saḥ tena bhrūṇahā na syāt; hi manyuḥ tam manyum ṛcchati

55. Indeed, whoever kills an aggressor (ātatāyin) who has come upon him, that person does not incur the sin of killing a Brahmin/fetus (bhrūṇahā); rather, the aggressor's own wrath (manyu) brings about his demise.

Words meanings summery:

• आततायी (ātatāyī) - an aggressor, an assailant

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should kill, may kill, kills

• आततायिनम् (ātatāyinam) - an aggressor, an assailant

• आगतम् (āgatam) - who has come, approaching, arrived

• न (na) - not, no

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• भ्रूणहा (bhrūṇahā) - a killer of a Brahmin, a killer of a fetus

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be, may be

• मन्युः (manyuḥ) - wrath, anger, spirit, indignation, aggressive intent

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• मन्युम् (manyum) - wrath, anger, spirit, indignation, aggressive intent

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - reaches, obtains, goes to, finds

Words meanings and morphology

आततायी (ātatāyī) - an aggressor, an assailant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātatāyin

ātatāyin - an aggressor, one who attacks, an assailant

Derived from ā-√tan (to stretch, extend) with suffix -in, denoting one who is excessively stretched or intent on harm.

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should kill, may kill, kills

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of han

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root √han, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative, active voice.

Root: han (class 2)

आततायिनम् (ātatāyinam) - an aggressor, an assailant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātatāyin

ātatāyin - an aggressor, one who attacks, an assailant

Derived from ā-√tan (to stretch, extend) with suffix -in, denoting one who is excessively stretched or intent on harm.

Prefix: ā

Root: tan (class 8)

आगतम् (āgatam) - who has come, approaching, arrived

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ā-√gam (to come), past passive participle. Agrees with ātatāyinam.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भ्रूणहा (bhrūṇahā) - a killer of a Brahmin, a killer of a fetus

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrūṇahan

bhrūṇahan - killer of a fetus, killer of a Brahmin

Compound formed from bhrūṇa (fetus, embryo, Brahmin) and han (killer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhrūṇa+han)

• bhrūṇa – embryo, fetus, child, Brahmin
  noun (neuter)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Noun derived from √han (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root √as (to be), Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, optative, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

मन्युः (manyuḥ) - wrath, anger, spirit, indignation, aggressive intent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - wrath, anger, spirit, indignation, aggressive intent

Derived from √man (to think, perceive).

Root: man (class 4)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मन्युम् (manyum) - wrath, anger, spirit, indignation, aggressive intent

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - wrath, anger, spirit, indignation, aggressive intent

Derived from √man (to think, perceive).

Root: man (class 4)

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - reaches, obtains, goes to, finds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛch

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root √ṛch, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice.

Root: ṛch (class 6)