महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-15, verse-32

अन्धं तम इवेदं स्यान्न प्रज्ञायेत किंचन ।
दण्डश्चेन्न भवेल्लोके विभजन्साध्वसाधुनी ॥३२॥

32. andhaṁ tama ivedaṁ syānna prajñāyeta kiṁcana ,
daṇḍaścenna bhavelloke vibhajansādhvasādhunī.

32. andham tamaḥ iva idam syāt na prajñāyeta kiñcana
daṇḍaḥ cet na bhavet loke vibhajan sādhu asādhunī

32. cet daṇḍaḥ loke sādhu asādhunī vibhajan na bhavet
idam andham tamaḥ iva syāt kiñcana na prajñāyeta

32. This world would be like blind darkness, and nothing would be clearly known, if punishment (daṇḍa) did not exist in the world to distinguish between the virtuous and the unvirtuous.

Words meanings summery:

• अन्धम् (andham) - blind

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• इदम् (idam) - this

• स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

• न (na) - not

• प्रज्ञायेत (prajñāyeta) - would be known, understood

• किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything (with negation, 'nothing')

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, rod, staff

• चेत् (cet) - if

• न (na) - not

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, might be

• लोके (loke) - in the world

• विभजन् (vibhajan) - distinguishing, separating

• साधु (sādhu) - the good, the virtuous

• असाधुनी (asādhunī) - the bad, the unvirtuous

Words meanings and morphology

अन्धम् (andham) - blind

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness; ignorance; quality of inertia (rajas)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

स्यात् (syāt) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of as

optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रज्ञायेत (prajñāyeta) - would be known, understood

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, optative (vidhi liṅ) of prajñā

optative mood, 3rd person singular, passive voice

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

किञ्चन (kiñcana) - anything (with negation, 'nothing')

(indeclinable)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, rod, staff

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff; punishment, scepter; chastisement

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, might be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

लोके (loke) - in the world

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

विभजन् (vibhajan) - distinguishing, separating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhajat

vibhajat - distinguishing, separating, dividing

Present Active Participle

Prefix: vi

Root: bhaj (class 1)

साधु (sādhu) - the good, the virtuous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, dual of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous

Note: Used in dual with 'asādhunī' to mean 'the good (and) the bad'.

असाधुनी (asādhunī) - the bad, the unvirtuous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, dual of asādhu

asādhu - bad, unvirtuous, unrighteous

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sādhu)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• sādhu – good, virtuous
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Paired with sādhu in dual to mean 'the good (and) the bad'.