महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-15, verse-42

न प्रेष्या वचनं कुर्युर्न बालो जातु कर्हिचित् ।
तिष्ठेत्पितृमते धर्मे यदि दण्डो न पालयेत् ॥४२॥

42. na preṣyā vacanaṁ kuryurna bālo jātu karhicit ,
tiṣṭhetpitṛmate dharme yadi daṇḍo na pālayet.

42. na preṣyāḥ vacanam kuryuḥ na bālaḥ jātu karhicit
tiṣṭhet pitṛmate dharme yadi daṇḍaḥ na pālayet

42. yadi daṇḍaḥ na pālayet preṣyāḥ vacanam na kuryuḥ
na bālaḥ jātu karhicit pitṛmate dharme tiṣṭhet

42. Servants would not obey commands, nor would a child ever remain dedicated to the familial obligations (dharma) taught by their father, if the law (daṇḍa) did not offer protection.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रेष्याः (preṣyāḥ) - servants, dependants, those who are to be sent

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, command

• कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they would obey (commands) (they would do, they would make, they would obey)

• न (na) - not, no

• बालः (bālaḥ) - child, boy, young person

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

• कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever, at any time

• तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - would remain dedicated (to the dharma) (would stand, would remain, would abide)

• पितृमते (pitṛmate) - pertaining to the father, established by the father (related to the father, dependent on the father, for the father's sake)

• धर्मे (dharme) - in the familial obligations (dharma) (in duty, in righteousness, in the law (dharma))

• यदि (yadi) - if

• दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - the enforcing power of the state or law (punishment, rod, staff, rule, law, authority)

• न (na) - not, no

• पालयेत् (pālayet) - would protect, would govern, would maintain

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रेष्याः (preṣyāḥ) - servants, dependants, those who are to be sent

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of preṣya

preṣya - servant, dependant, messenger, one who is to be sent

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

from root iṣ (to send) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'kuryuḥ'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, command

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, command

from root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'kuryuḥ'.

कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they would obey (commands) (they would do, they would make, they would obey)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बालः (bālaḥ) - child, boy, young person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, boy, young, ignorant

Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭhet'.

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

कर्हिचित् (karhicit) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

from kadā (when) + cit

तिष्ठेत् (tiṣṭhet) - would remain dedicated (to the dharma) (would stand, would remain, would abide)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

पितृमते (pitṛmate) - pertaining to the father, established by the father (related to the father, dependent on the father, for the father's sake)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛmat

pitṛmat - having a father, pertaining to a father, governed by a father

suffix -mat denoting 'having'

Note: Qualifies 'dharme'.

धर्मे (dharme) - in the familial obligations (dharma) (in duty, in righteousness, in the law (dharma))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - the enforcing power of the state or law (punishment, rod, staff, rule, law, authority)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, dominion, authority, law

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पालयेत् (pālayet) - would protect, would govern, would maintain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pāl

Causative of root 'pā' (to protect) or denominal from 'pāla' (protector)

Root: pāl (class 10)