महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120, verse-54

एतान्मयोक्तांस्तव राजधर्मान्नृणां च गुप्तौ मतिमादधत्स्व ।
अवाप्स्यसे पुण्यफलं सुखेन सर्वो हि लोकोत्तमधर्ममूलः ॥५४॥

54. etānmayoktāṁstava rājadharmā;nnṛṇāṁ ca guptau matimādadhatsva ,
avāpsyase puṇyaphalaṁ sukhena; sarvo hi lokottamadharmamūlaḥ.

54. etān mayā uktān tava rājadharmān
nṛṇām ca guptau matim ādadhatsva
avāpsyase puṇyaphalam sukhena
sarvaḥ hi loka-uttama-dharma-mūlaḥ

54. tava etān mayā uktān rājadharmān
ca nṛṇām guptau matim ādadhatsva
sukhena puṇyaphalam avāpsyase
hi sarvaḥ loka-uttama-dharma-mūlaḥ

54. Apply your mind to these royal duties (dharma) that I have declared for you, and to the protection of people. You will easily attain the fruit of virtuous actions, for indeed, the root of all supreme principles (dharma) in the world lies in this.

Words meanings summery:

• एतान् (etān) - these (royal duties) (these)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• उक्तान् (uktān) - declared (spoken, said, declared)

• तव (tava) - for you (your, of you)

• राजधर्मान् (rājadharmān) - royal duties (dharma)

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of people (of men, of people)

• च (ca) - and, also

• गुप्तौ (guptau) - in the protection (in protection, in defense)

• मतिम् (matim) - intelligence (mind, intelligence, thought, intention)

• आदधत्स्व (ādadhatsva) - apply (your mind) (apply, fix, place, put on)

• अवाप्स्यसे (avāpsyase) - you will attain (you will obtain, you will reach)

• पुण्यफलम् (puṇyaphalam) - fruit of virtuous actions (fruit of merit, virtuous reward)

• सुखेन (sukhena) - easily (happily, easily, comfortably)

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all (things/principles) (all, every, whole)

• हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• लोक-उत्तम-धर्म-मूलः (loka-uttama-dharma-mūlaḥ) - the root of all supreme principles (dharma) in the world (the root of the supreme (natural law) (dharma) in the world)

Words meanings and morphology

एतान् (etān) - these (royal duties) (these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun.

उक्तान् (uktān) - declared (spoken, said, declared)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rājadharmān'.

तव (tava) - for you (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, genitive/dative singular.

राजधर्मान् (rājadharmān) - royal duties (dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - royal duty (dharma), the natural law (dharma) of kingship

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of people (of men, of people)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, person, human being

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गुप्तौ (guptau) - in the protection (in protection, in defense)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of gupti

gupti - protection, defense, preservation, hiding

From root gup (to protect).

Root: gup (class 1)

मतिम् (matim) - intelligence (mind, intelligence, thought, intention)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mati

mati - mind, intellect, thought, intention, opinion

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

आदधत्स्व (ādadhatsva) - apply (your mind) (apply, fix, place, put on)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ā-dhā

2nd singular imperative (Loṭ) middle voice of root dhā (class 3) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

अवाप्स्यसे (avāpsyase) - you will attain (you will obtain, you will reach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of avāp

From prefix ava and root āp (to obtain).

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

पुण्यफलम् (puṇyaphalam) - fruit of virtuous actions (fruit of merit, virtuous reward)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of puṇyaphala

puṇyaphala - fruit of merit, reward of virtue, good consequence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puṇya+phala)

• puṇya – meritorious, virtuous, sacred, good
  adjective (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

सुखेन (sukhena) - easily (happily, easily, comfortably)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, ease, pleasure, comfort

Note: Used adverbially.

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - all (things/principles) (all, every, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

हि (hi) - for indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

लोक-उत्तम-धर्म-मूलः (loka-uttama-dharma-mūlaḥ) - the root of all supreme principles (dharma) in the world (the root of the supreme (natural law) (dharma) in the world)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lokottamadharmamūla

lokottamadharmamūla - the root of the highest (natural law) (dharma) in the world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+uttama+dharma+mūla)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – highest, best, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation, source
  noun (neuter)