महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-120, verse-51
धनैर्विशिष्टान्मतिशीलपूजितान्गुणोपपन्नान्युधि दृष्टविक्रमान् ।
गुणेषु दृष्टानचिरादिहात्मवान्सतोऽभिसंधाय निहन्ति शात्रवान् ॥५१॥
गुणेषु दृष्टानचिरादिहात्मवान्सतोऽभिसंधाय निहन्ति शात्रवान् ॥५१॥
51. dhanairviśiṣṭānmatiśīlapūjitā;nguṇopapannānyudhi dṛṣṭavikramān ,
guṇeṣu dṛṣṭānacirādihātmavā;nsato'bhisaṁdhāya nihanti śātravān.
guṇeṣu dṛṣṭānacirādihātmavā;nsato'bhisaṁdhāya nihanti śātravān.
51.
dhanaiḥ viśiṣṭān matiśīlapūjitān
guṇopapannān yudhi dṛṣṭavikramān
guṇeṣu dṛṣṭān acirāt iha ātmavān
sataḥ abhisandhāya nihanti śātravān
guṇopapannān yudhi dṛṣṭavikramān
guṇeṣu dṛṣṭān acirāt iha ātmavān
sataḥ abhisandhāya nihanti śātravān
51.
iha ātmavān dhanaiḥ viśiṣṭān
matiśīlapūjitān guṇopapannān yudhi
dṛṣṭavikramān guṇeṣu dṛṣṭān sataḥ
abhisandhāya acirāt śātravān nihanti
matiśīlapūjitān guṇopapannān yudhi
dṛṣṭavikramān guṇeṣu dṛṣṭān sataḥ
abhisandhāya acirāt śātravān nihanti
51.
In this world, a resolute ruler, by allying himself with worthy individuals—those who are distinguished by wealth, esteemed for their intellect and character, endowed with virtues, and whose prowess has been demonstrated and recognized in battle—swiftly defeats his enemies.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by wealth, with riches, by treasures
- विशिष्टान् (viśiṣṭān) - distinguished, superior, excellent
- मतिशीलपूजितान् (matiśīlapūjitān) - esteemed for their intellect and character (honored for intelligence and character)
- गुणोपपन्नान् (guṇopapannān) - endowed with good qualities/virtues
- युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war
- दृष्टविक्रमान् (dṛṣṭavikramān) - whose prowess has been demonstrated (whose valor has been seen, of proven prowess)
- गुणेषु (guṇeṣu) - in their virtues (in qualities, among merits)
- दृष्टान् (dṛṣṭān) - recognized (for their merits) (seen, recognized, perceived)
- अचिरात् (acirāt) - quickly, without delay, soon
- इह (iha) - In this world (here, in this world, in this case)
- आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a resolute ruler (self-possessed, resolute, intelligent, prudent)
- सतः (sataḥ) - worthy individuals (virtuous ones, good people, existing ones)
- अभिसन्धाय (abhisandhāya) - by allying himself with (having allied with, having united, having designed)
- निहन्ति (nihanti) - swiftly defeats (destroys, slays, overcomes, conquers)
- शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies, adversaries
Words meanings and morphology
धनैः (dhanaiḥ) - by wealth, with riches, by treasures
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of dhana
dhana - wealth, riches, property, money
विशिष्टान् (viśiṣṭān) - distinguished, superior, excellent
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of viśiṣṭa
viśiṣṭa - distinguished, excellent, superior, specific
Past Passive Participle
From `vi-śiṣ` (to be distinct, to excel)
Prefix: vi
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
मतिशीलपूजितान् (matiśīlapūjitān) - esteemed for their intellect and character (honored for intelligence and character)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of matiśīlapūjita
matiśīlapūjita - honored for intelligence and character
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (matiśīla+pūjita)
- matiśīla – intelligence and character (compound of mati and śīla)
noun (neuter) - pūjita – honored, revered, worshipped
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root `pūj` (to honor, worship)
Root: pūj (class 10)
गुणोपपन्नान् (guṇopapannān) - endowed with good qualities/virtues
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇopapanna
guṇopapanna - endowed with good qualities, possessed of virtues
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+upapanna)
- guṇa – quality, virtue, merit
noun (masculine) - upapanna – possessed of, endowed with, furnished with, suitable
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From `upa-pad` (to come near, to be suitable)
Prefix: upa
Root: pad (class 4)
युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of yudh
yudh - battle, fight, war
दृष्टविक्रमान् (dṛṣṭavikramān) - whose prowess has been demonstrated (whose valor has been seen, of proven prowess)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dṛṣṭavikrama
dṛṣṭavikrama - one whose valor has been seen, of proven prowess
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dṛṣṭa+vikrama)
- dṛṣṭa – seen, observed, perceived
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root `dṛś` (to see)
Root: dṛś (class 1) - vikrama – valor, prowess, heroism, power
noun (masculine)
गुणेषु (guṇeṣu) - in their virtues (in qualities, among merits)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, excellence
दृष्टान् (dṛṣṭān) - recognized (for their merits) (seen, recognized, perceived)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dṛṣṭa
dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived
Past Passive Participle
From root `dṛś` (to see)
Root: dṛś (class 1)
अचिरात् (acirāt) - quickly, without delay, soon
(indeclinable)
इह (iha) - In this world (here, in this world, in this case)
(indeclinable)
आत्मवान् (ātmavān) - a resolute ruler (self-possessed, resolute, intelligent, prudent)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmavat
ātmavat - possessed of a soul/self, self-possessed, resolute, intelligent
Suffix -vat (possessive)
सतः (sataḥ) - worthy individuals (virtuous ones, good people, existing ones)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sat
sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real
Present Active Participle
Present participle of root `as` (to be)
Root: as (class 2)
अभिसन्धाय (abhisandhāya) - by allying himself with (having allied with, having united, having designed)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From `abhi-sam-dhā` (to connect, to form an alliance)
Prefixes: abhi+sam
Root: dhā (class 3)
निहन्ति (nihanti) - swiftly defeats (destroys, slays, overcomes, conquers)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nīhan
Prefix: ni
Root: han (class 2)
शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies, adversaries
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of śātru
śātru - enemy, adversary, foe