महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120, verse-45

लुब्धं हन्यात्संप्रदानेन नित्यं लुब्धस्तृप्तिं परवित्तस्य नैति ।
सर्वो लुब्धः कर्मगुणोपभोगे योऽर्थैर्हीनो धर्मकामौ जहाति ॥४५॥

45. lubdhaṁ hanyātsaṁpradānena nityaṁ; lubdhastṛptiṁ paravittasya naiti ,
sarvo lubdhaḥ karmaguṇopabhoge; yo'rthairhīno dharmakāmau jahāti.

45. lubdham hanyāt sampradānena nityaṃ
lubdhaḥ tṛptiṃ paravittasya na eti
sarvaḥ lubdhaḥ karmaguṇopabhoge
yaḥ arthaiḥ hīnaḥ dharmakāmau jahāti

45. lubdham nityaṃ sampradānena hanyāt
lubdhaḥ paravittasya tṛptiṃ na eti
sarvaḥ lubdhaḥ karmaguṇopabhoge
yaḥ arthaiḥ hīnaḥ dharmakāmau jahāti

45. A greedy person should always be subdued by giving (sampradāna). A greedy person never finds satisfaction (tṛpti) in another's wealth. Every greedy person is fixated on the enjoyment of actions and their results, and whoever is devoid of resources abandons both their intrinsic nature (dharma) and legitimate desires (kāmau).

Words meanings summery:

• लुब्धम् (lubdham) - a greedy person, one who is covetous

• हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should be overcome, should be subdued

• सम्प्रदानेन (sampradānena) - by giving, by presenting

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• लुब्धः (lubdhaḥ) - a greedy person

• तृप्तिम् (tṛptim) - satisfaction, contentment

• परवित्तस्य (paravittasya) - of another's wealth

• न (na) - not

• एति (eti) - he obtains, he reaches

• सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every, all

• लुब्धः (lubdhaḥ) - a greedy person

• कर्मगुणोपभोगे (karmaguṇopabhoge) - in the enjoyment of actions and their qualities/results

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - by means, by resources, by wealth

• हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, deprived of, inferior

• धर्मकामौ (dharmakāmau) - righteousness (dharma) and desire (kāma)

• जहाति (jahāti) - he abandons, he forsakes

Words meanings and morphology

लुब्धम् (lubdham) - a greedy person, one who is covetous

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager for

Past Passive Participle

Root: lubh (class 4)

हन्यात् (hanyāt) - should be overcome, should be subdued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

सम्प्रदानेन (sampradānena) - by giving, by presenting

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sampradāna

sampradāna - giving, bestowing, donation

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dā (class 3)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

लुब्धः (lubdhaḥ) - a greedy person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous

Past Passive Participle

Root: lubh (class 4)

तृप्तिम् (tṛptim) - satisfaction, contentment

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tṛpti

tṛpti - satisfaction, contentment, gratification

Root: tṛp (class 4)

परवित्तस्य (paravittasya) - of another's wealth

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of paravitta

paravitta - another's property/wealth

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+vitta)

• para – other, another
  adjective (masculine)
• vitta – wealth, property, found
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: vid (class 6)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एति (eti) - he obtains, he reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of i

Root: i (class 2)

सर्वः (sarvaḥ) - every, all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

लुब्धः (lubdhaḥ) - a greedy person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous

Past Passive Participle

Root: lubh (class 4)

कर्मगुणोपभोगे (karmaguṇopabhoge) - in the enjoyment of actions and their qualities/results

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karmaguṇopabhoga

karmaguṇopabhoga - enjoyment of the fruits/qualities of actions

Compound type : tatpurusha (karma+guṇa+upabhoga)

• karma – action, deed, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent
  noun (masculine)
• upabhoga – enjoyment, use
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - by means, by resources, by wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, wealth, resource

हीनः (hīnaḥ) - devoid of, deprived of, inferior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - deprived, destitute, abandoned, inferior

Past Passive Participle

Root: hā (class 3)

धर्मकामौ (dharmakāmau) - righteousness (dharma) and desire (kāma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of dharmakāma

dharmakāma - dharma and kāma

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+kāma)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, sensual pleasure
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

जहाति (jahāti) - he abandons, he forsakes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of hā

Root: hā (class 3)