महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120, verse-23

धर्माणामविरोधेन सर्वेषां प्रियमाचरेत् ।
ममायमिति राजा यः स पर्वत इवाचलः ॥२३॥

23. dharmāṇāmavirodhena sarveṣāṁ priyamācaret ,
mamāyamiti rājā yaḥ sa parvata ivācalaḥ.

23. dharmāṇām avirodhena sarveṣām priyam ācaret
mama ayam iti rājā yaḥ saḥ parvataḥ iva acalaḥ

23. saḥ dharmāṇām sarveṣām avirodhena priyam ācaret.
yaḥ rājā ayam mama iti (manyate) saḥ parvataḥ iva acalaḥ (bhavati).

23. Without conflicting with the natural laws (dharmas) of all beings, he should do what is pleasing to everyone. A king who thinks 'this realm is mine' is as unshakeable as a mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of the natural laws (dharmas) (of duties, of natural laws, of virtues)

• अविरोधेन (avirodhena) - without conflicting (without opposition, without conflict, by non-obstruction)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all beings (referring to people implicitly, or all things) (of all)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - what is pleasing (to everyone) (dear, pleasing, agreeable, beloved; a pleasing thing, benefit)

• आचरेत् (ācaret) - should do (should do, should perform, should practice)

• मम (mama) - mine (my, of me)

• अयम् (ayam) - this realm (implicitly) (this (masculine nominative singular))

• इति (iti) - (thinking) 'this is mine' (thus, so, in this way (quotative particle))

• राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

• यः (yaḥ) - whichever (who, whichever (masculine nominative singular))

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - mountain

• इव (iva) - as (like, as, as if)

• अचलः (acalaḥ) - unshakeable (immovable, unmoving, firm, steady)

Words meanings and morphology

धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of the natural laws (dharmas) (of duties, of natural laws, of virtues)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - law, duty, justice, righteousness, virtue, custom, intrinsic nature, constitution, order

From root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: The bracketed Sanskrit term (dharma) is used in the translation.

अविरोधेन (avirodhena) - without conflicting (without opposition, without conflict, by non-obstruction)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of avirodha

avirodha - non-opposition, non-conflict, agreement, harmony

Compound of 'a' (negation) and virodha (opposition).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+virodha)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• virodha – opposition, conflict, disagreement
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-rudh.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: rudh (class 7)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all beings (referring to people implicitly, or all things) (of all)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with dharmāṇām.

प्रियम् (priyam) - what is pleasing (to everyone) (dear, pleasing, agreeable, beloved; a pleasing thing, benefit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable, beneficial

Root: prī (class 9)

आचरेत् (ācaret) - should do (should do, should perform, should practice)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of ācar

Optative Mood, Third Person, Singular, Active Voice

Root car (to move, to do) with prefix ā. Optative parasmaipada.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

मम (mama) - mine (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Genitive singular of 'I' (first person pronoun).

अयम् (ayam) - this realm (implicitly) (this (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Nominative singular masculine of 'idam'.

इति (iti) - (thinking) 'this is mine' (thus, so, in this way (quotative particle))

(indeclinable)

Root: i (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - whichever (who, whichever (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Nominative singular masculine of 'tad'.

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - mountain

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

इव (iva) - as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अचलः (acalaḥ) - unshakeable (immovable, unmoving, firm, steady)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of acala

acala - immovable, unmoving, fixed, steady, mountain

Compound of 'a' (negation) and cala (moving).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cala)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• cala – moving, shaking, unsteady
  adjective (masculine)
  From root cal.
  Root: cal (class 1)