महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120, verse-2

तदेव विस्तरेणोक्तं पूर्वैर्दृष्टं सतां मतम् ।
प्रणयं राजधर्माणां प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ ॥२॥

2. tadeva vistareṇoktaṁ pūrvairdṛṣṭaṁ satāṁ matam ,
praṇayaṁ rājadharmāṇāṁ prabrūhi bharatarṣabha.

2. tat eva vistareṇa uktam pūrvaiḥ dṛṣṭam satām matam
praṇayam rājadharmāṇām prabrūhi bharatarṣabha

2. bharatarṣabha tat eva vistareṇa uktam pūrvaiḥ dṛṣṭam
satām matam ca rājadharmāṇām praṇayam prabrūhi

2. That very topic has been extensively spoken of, observed by previous generations, and approved by the virtuous. O best of Bharatas, please explain the essence of the natural laws (dharma) for kings.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that very topic/matter (that, that very thing)

• एव (eva) - very (indeed, only, very, exactly)

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - extensively (in detail, extensively, at length)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken of (spoken, said, told)

• पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by previous generations (by the former ones, by ancestors)

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - observed (seen, observed, perceived, understood)

• सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous (of the good, of the virtuous, of existing beings)

• मतम् (matam) - approved (opinion, view, doctrine, approved, desired)

• प्रणयम् (praṇayam) - essence, precise application (affection, love, request, application, essence, detailed explanation)

• राजधर्माणाम् (rājadharmāṇām) - of the natural laws (dharma) for kings (of royal duties/laws, of the natural laws for kings)

• प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - explain (tell, explain, declare)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (addressing Bhishma) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that very topic/matter (that, that very thing)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to rājavṛttāni from the previous verse.

एव (eva) - very (indeed, only, very, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing tat.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - extensively (in detail, extensively, at length)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, expansion, detail, minuteness

From root stṛ (to strew) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Adverbial usage.

उक्तम् (uktam) - spoken of (spoken, said, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with tat.

पूर्वैः (pūrvaiḥ) - by previous generations (by the former ones, by ancestors)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, ancient, prior

Note: Agent for dṛṣṭam.

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - observed (seen, observed, perceived, understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, understood, experienced

Past Passive Participle

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tat.

सताम् (satām) - of the virtuous (of the good, of the virtuous, of existing beings)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies matam (opinion of the virtuous).

मतम् (matam) - approved (opinion, view, doctrine, approved, desired)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - opinion, view, doctrine, approved, desired, thought, considered

Past Passive Participle

From root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Can be treated as an adjective agreeing with tat or a noun in nominative.

प्रणयम् (praṇayam) - essence, precise application (affection, love, request, application, essence, detailed explanation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praṇaya

praṇaya - affection, love, request, application, essence, detailed explanation

From root nī (to lead) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Object of prabrūhi.

राजधर्माणाम् (rājadharmāṇām) - of the natural laws (dharma) for kings (of royal duties/laws, of the natural laws for kings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājadharma

rājadharma - royal duty, king's law, natural law for kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+dharma)

• rājan – king, royal
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies praṇayam.

प्रब्रूहि (prabrūhi) - explain (tell, explain, declare)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bharatas (addressing Bhishma) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Another epithet for Bhishma.