महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120, verse-49

विधिप्रवृत्तान्नरदेवधर्मानुक्तान्समासेन निबोध बुद्ध्या ।
इमान्विदध्याद्व्यनुसृत्य यो वै राजा महीं पालयितुं स शक्तः ॥४९॥

49. vidhipravṛttānnaradevadharmā;nuktānsamāsena nibodha buddhyā ,
imānvidadhyādvyanusṛtya yo vai; rājā mahīṁ pālayituṁ sa śaktaḥ.

49. vidhipravṛttān naradevadharman
uktān samāsena nibodha buddhyā
imān vidadhyāt vyanusṛtya yaḥ
vai rājā mahīm pālayitum saḥ śaktaḥ

49. buddhyā vidhipravṛttān uktān
naradevadharman samāsena nibodha
yaḥ vai rājā imān vyanusṛtya
vidadhyāt saḥ mahīm pālayitum śaktaḥ

49. O King, understand concisely with your intellect these prescribed duties (dharma) for rulers, which are established by sacred law and have been declared. Indeed, any king who acts by adhering to these is truly capable of protecting the earth.

Words meanings summery:

• विधिप्रवृत्तान् (vidhipravṛttān) - prescribed by sacred injunctions (those enacted according to sacred law/rule, established by injunction)

• नरदेवधर्मन् (naradevadharman) - the duties (dharma) of rulers/kings

• उक्तान् (uktān) - those declared, stated, said

• समासेन (samāsena) - concisely, in brief, in summary

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, comprehend, learn

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, with intelligence, with understanding

• इमान् (imān) - these (masculine plural)

• विदध्यात् (vidadhyāt) - should perform, should observe, should do

• व्यनुसृत्य (vyanusṛtya) - having followed, having adhered to, having conformed to

• यः (yaḥ) - who (relative pronoun)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily (emphatic particle)

• राजा (rājā) - a king, ruler

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, land

• पालयितुम् (pālayitum) - to protect, to rule, to govern

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able, powerful

Words meanings and morphology

विधिप्रवृत्तान् (vidhipravṛttān) - prescribed by sacred injunctions (those enacted according to sacred law/rule, established by injunction)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vidhipravṛtta

vidhipravṛtta - established by rule, enacted by sacred law, prescribed

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidhi+pravṛtta)

• vidhi – rule, injunction, sacred law, method
  noun (masculine)
• pravṛtta – begun, active, engaged in, established, promulgated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra-vṛt` (to begin, to proceed)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

नरदेवधर्मन् (naradevadharman) - the duties (dharma) of rulers/kings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of naradevadharma

naradevadharma - the natural law or duty of a king/ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naradeva+dharma)

• naradeva – king (lit. 'man-god')
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution
  noun (masculine)

उक्तान् (uktān) - those declared, stated, said

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared, stated

Past Passive Participle

From root `vac` (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

समासेन (samāsena) - concisely, in brief, in summary

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa

samāsa - compound, summary, conciseness

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, comprehend, learn

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibudh

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, with intelligence, with understanding

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, reason

इमान् (imān) - these (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

विदध्यात् (vidadhyāt) - should perform, should observe, should do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vidhā

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

व्यनुसृत्य (vyanusṛtya) - having followed, having adhered to, having conformed to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From `vi-anu-sṛ` (to follow completely)

Prefixes: vi+anu

Root: sṛ (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who (relative pronoun)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - a king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth, land

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

पालयितुम् (pālayitum) - to protect, to rule, to govern

(verb)

Infinitive

From causative stem `pālay` of root `pā` (to protect)

Root: pā (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - capable, able, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle

From root `śak` (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)