महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-120, verse-38

हरेत्कीर्तिं धर्ममस्योपरुन्ध्यादर्थे दीर्घं वीर्यमस्योपहन्यात् ।
रिपुर्द्वेष्टा दुर्बलो वा बली वा तस्माच्छत्रौ नैव हेडेद्यतात्मा ॥३८॥

38. haretkīrtiṁ dharmamasyoparundhyā;darthe dīrghaṁ vīryamasyopahanyāt ,
ripurdveṣṭā durbalo vā balī vā; tasmācchatrau naiva heḍedyatātmā.

38. haret kīrtim dharmam asya uparundhyāt
arthe dīrgham vīryam asya upahanyāt
ripuḥ dveṣṭā durbalaḥ vā balī vā
tasmāt śatrau na eva heḍet yatātmā

38. ripuḥ (hi) asya kīrtim haret dharmam
uparundhyāt ca arthe asya dīrgham vīryam
upahanyāt dveṣṭā durbalaḥ vā balī vā
(syāt); tasmāt yatātmā śatrau na eva heḍet

38. An enemy might destroy one's fame, obstruct one's natural law (dharma), and diminish one's enduring strength regarding resources. Therefore, whether an enemy, a hater, is weak or strong, a person with a controlled self (ātman) should certainly never despise him.

Words meanings summery:

• हरेत् (haret) - should take away, might destroy

• कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory, reputation

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, its

• उपरुन्ध्यात् (uparundhyāt) - might obstruct, should impede, could block

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the purpose of, in the matter of wealth/gain

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, enduring, extensive

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - strength, vigor, power, heroism

• उपहन्यात् (upahanyāt) - might injure, should destroy, could defeat

• रिपुः (ripuḥ) - an enemy, foe

• द्वेष्टा (dveṣṭā) - a hater, an enemy

• दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak, feeble

• वा (vā) - or

• बली (balī) - strong, powerful

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• शत्रौ (śatrau) - towards an enemy, in an enemy

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• हेडेत् (heḍet) - one should despise, might scorn, should insult

• यतात्मा (yatātmā) - one whose self is controlled, self-controlled person

Words meanings and morphology

हरेत् (haret) - should take away, might destroy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of hṛ

Root hṛ (1st class, Parasmaipada).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

कीर्तिम् (kīrtim) - fame, glory, reputation

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kīrti

kīrti - fame, glory, reputation, report

Root: kīrt

Note: Object of haret.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law, righteousness, duty, constitution

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, virtue, justice, constitution

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of uparundhyāt.

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Used twice in the verse, with dharmam and vīryam.

उपरुन्ध्यात् (uparundhyāt) - might obstruct, should impede, could block

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of upa-rudh

Root rudh (7th class, Parasmaipada) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: rudh (class 7)

अर्थे (arthe) - for the purpose of, in the matter of wealth/gain

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, property, material prosperity

Root: ṛ

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, enduring, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, tall, extensive, prolonged, enduring

Root: dīrgh

Note: Agrees with vīryam.

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - strength, vigor, power, heroism

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - strength, power, vigor, heroism, energy

Root: vīr

Note: Object of upahanyāt.

उपहन्यात् (upahanyāt) - might injure, should destroy, could defeat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of upa-han

Root han (2nd class, Parasmaipada) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: han (class 2)

रिपुः (ripuḥ) - an enemy, foe

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary

Root: rip

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is' or 'becomes'.

द्वेष्टा (dveṣṭā) - a hater, an enemy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dveṣṭṛ

dveṣṭṛ - a hater, enemy, adversary

Agent Noun

Derived from root dviṣ (to hate) with the suffix -tṛ.

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: Coordinates with ripuḥ.

दुर्बलः (durbalaḥ) - weak, feeble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durbala

durbala - weak, feeble, powerless

from dus (bad, difficult) + bala (strength)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dus+bala)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with ripuḥ / dveṣṭā.

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

बली (balī) - strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

from bala (strength) with suffix -in.

Note: Agrees with ripuḥ / dveṣṭā.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative singular of tad, used adverbially.

शत्रौ (śatrau) - towards an enemy, in an enemy

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, adversary

Root: śat

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

हेडेत् (heḍet) - one should despise, might scorn, should insult

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of heḍ

Root heḍ (1st class, Parasmaipada).

Root: heḍ (class 1)

यतात्मा (yatātmā) - one whose self is controlled, self-controlled person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatātman

yatātman - self-controlled, one who has subdued his self (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+ātman)

• yata – controlled, restrained, subdued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yam (to restrain).
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ātman – self (ātman), soul, essence, individual soul, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at

Note: Subject of heḍet.