महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-104, verse-48

पृथगेत्य समश्नाति नेदमद्य यथाविधि ।
आसने शयने याने भावा लक्ष्या विशेषतः ॥४८॥

48. pṛthagetya samaśnāti nedamadya yathāvidhi ,
āsane śayane yāne bhāvā lakṣyā viśeṣataḥ.

48. pṛthak etya samaśnāti na idam adya yathāvidhi
āsane śayane yāne bhāvāḥ lakṣyāḥ viśeṣataḥ

48. pṛthak etya samaśnāti idam adya yathāvidhi na āsane śayane yāne bhāvāḥ viśeṣataḥ lakṣyāḥ.

48. He goes off alone to eat, [thinking or remarking], 'This [food] today is not proper according to custom.' His [true] dispositions are especially to be discerned in his manner of sitting, sleeping, and traveling.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, apart, individually

• एत्य (etya) - having gone, having come

• समश्नाति (samaśnāti) - he eats (alone or separately) (he eats, he partakes, he enjoys)

• न (na) - not, no

• इदम् (idam) - this (food or situation) (this, this (thing))

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to custom or proper procedure (referring to food/eating) (according to rule, properly, ritually)

• आसने (āsane) - in sitting, in a seat

• शयने (śayane) - in lying down, in bed, in sleeping

• याने (yāne) - in a vehicle, in riding, in traveling

• भावाः (bhāvāḥ) - dispositions, characteristics, intentions, emotions

• लक्ष्याः (lakṣyāḥ) - to be observed, to be noticed, recognizable

• विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

Words meanings and morphology

पृथक् (pṛthak) - separately, apart, individually

(indeclinable)

एत्य (etya) - having gone, having come

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Gerund from root i.

Root: i (class 2)

समश्नाति (samaśnāti) - he eats (alone or separately) (he eats, he partakes, he enjoys)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of sam-aś

Prefix: sam

Root: aś (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (food or situation) (this, this (thing))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this (thing)

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to custom or proper procedure (referring to food/eating) (according to rule, properly, ritually)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, precept, method, ritual
  noun (masculine)

आसने (āsane) - in sitting, in a seat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āsana

āsana - sitting, seat, posture

शयने (śayane) - in lying down, in bed, in sleeping

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - lying down, sleeping, bed, couch

याने (yāne) - in a vehicle, in riding, in traveling

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yāna

yāna - going, moving, vehicle, journey

भावाः (bhāvāḥ) - dispositions, characteristics, intentions, emotions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhāva

bhāva - state, condition, existence, nature, emotion, sentiment, disposition

लक्ष्याः (lakṣyāḥ) - to be observed, to be noticed, recognizable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lakṣya

lakṣya - to be marked, to be indicated, to be observed, to be aimed at

gerundive

From root lakṣ (to perceive, to mark)

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

विशेषतः (viśeṣataḥ) - especially, particularly, specifically

(indeclinable)