महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-104, verse-4

अहितेषु कथं ब्रह्मन्वर्तयेयमतन्द्रितः ।
असमुच्छिद्य चैवेनान्नियच्छेयमुपायतः ॥४॥

4. ahiteṣu kathaṁ brahmanvartayeyamatandritaḥ ,
asamucchidya caivenānniyaccheyamupāyataḥ.

4. ahiteṣu katham brahman vartayeyam atandritaḥ
asamucchidya ca eva enān niyaccheyam upāyataḥ

4. brahman atandritaḥ ahiteṣu katham vartayeyam
ca enān asamucchidya upāyataḥ niyaccheyam

4. "O Brahmin (brahman), how should I act vigilantly towards enemies, and how should I control them skillfully without utterly destroying them?"

Words meanings summery:

• अहितेषु (ahiteṣu) - towards enemies, among hostile ones

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, addressing Bṛhaspati (O Brahmin)

• वर्तयेयम् (vartayeyam) - should I act, should I conduct myself

• अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - vigilant, untiring, alert

• असमुच्छिद्य (asamucchidya) - without eradicating, without utterly destroying

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• एनान् (enān) - the enemies (masculine) (them (masculine))

• नियच्छेयम् (niyaccheyam) - should I control, should I restrain

• उपायतः (upāyataḥ) - by means, by stratagem, skillfully

Words meanings and morphology

अहितेषु (ahiteṣu) - towards enemies, among hostile ones

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of ahita

ahita - unfriendly, hostile, harmful; an enemy

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (negation) and 'hita' (beneficial, well-disposed)

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hita – beneficial, good, well-disposed, placed
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root dhā (to place, set, do)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin, addressing Bṛhaspati (O Brahmin)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute (brahman)

वर्तयेयम् (vartayeyam) - should I act, should I conduct myself

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of vartaya

optative mood, causative

Optative active, 1st person singular of the causative stem of the root vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अतन्द्रितः (atandritaḥ) - vigilant, untiring, alert

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atandrita

atandrita - not weary, vigilant, attentive, alert

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (negation) and 'tandrita' (weary, tired - PPP of root tandri)

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+tandrita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• tandrita – weary, tired, indolent
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root tandri (to be weary)
  Root: tandri (class 1)

असमुच्छिद्य (asamucchidya) - without eradicating, without utterly destroying

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund) with negative prefix

Absolutive form from the root chid with upasargas sam and ud, negated by 'a'

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+samucchidya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• samucchidya – having cut off, having destroyed completely
  indeclinable
  absolutive (gerund)
  Absolutive form from the root chid with upasargas sam and ud
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: chid (class 7)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

एनान् (enān) - the enemies (masculine) (them (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ena

ena - this, that; them, those

Demonstrative pronoun

नियच्छेयम् (niyaccheyam) - should I control, should I restrain

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of niyam

optative mood

Optative active, 1st person singular of the root yam with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

उपायतः (upāyataḥ) - by means, by stratagem, skillfully

(indeclinable)

Derived from upāya (means, stratagem) with the suffix -tas (indicating 'from' or 'by means of')