महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-104, verse-15

आदिमध्यावसानज्ञः प्रच्छन्नं च विचारयेत् ।
बलानि दूषयेदस्य जानंश्चैव प्रमाणतः ॥१५॥

15. ādimadhyāvasānajñaḥ pracchannaṁ ca vicārayet ,
balāni dūṣayedasya jānaṁścaiva pramāṇataḥ.

15. ādimadhyāvasānajñaḥ pracchannam ca vicārayet
balāni dūṣayet asya jānan ca eva pramāṇataḥ

15. ādimadhyāvasānajñaḥ ca pracchannam vicārayet
ca eva pramāṇataḥ jānan asya balāni dūṣayet

15. One who knows the beginning, middle, and end should also investigate matters secretly. And he should corrupt the opponent's forces (bala) by accurately knowing their strength.

Words meanings summery:

• आदिमध्यावसानज्ञः (ādimadhyāvasānajñaḥ) - one who knows the beginning, middle, and end

• प्रच्छन्नम् (pracchannam) - secretly, covertly

• च (ca) - and, also

• विचारयेत् (vicārayet) - he should investigate, he should consider

• बलानि (balāni) - forces, armies, strengths

• दूषयेत् (dūṣayet) - he should corrupt, he should spoil, he should contaminate

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, this

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, understanding

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• प्रमाणतः (pramāṇataḥ) - accurately, precisely, according to measure

Words meanings and morphology

आदिमध्यावसानज्ञः (ādimadhyāvasānajñaḥ) - one who knows the beginning, middle, and end

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādimadhyāvasānajña

ādimadhyāvasānajña - knowing the beginning, middle, and end; wise

Compound of `ādi` (beginning), `madhya` (middle), `avasāna` (end), and `jña` (knower).

Compound type : Dvandva-Tatpurusha (ādi+madhya+avasāna+jña)

• ādi – beginning, first
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• avasāna – end, conclusion, termination
  noun (neuter)
  From `ava-sā` (to cease).
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sā (class 4)
• jña – knower, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective suffix
  From root `jñā` (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

प्रच्छन्नम् (pracchannam) - secretly, covertly

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pracchanna

pracchanna - hidden, secret, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root `chad` (to cover) with prefix `pra-`.

Prefix: pra

Root: chad (class 10)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

विचारयेत् (vicārayet) - he should investigate, he should consider

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vi-car

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

From root `car` (to move) with prefix `vi-`. Causative form + Optative.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

बलानि (balāni) - forces, armies, strengths

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Root: bal (class 10)

दूषयेत् (dūṣayet) - he should corrupt, he should spoil, he should contaminate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dūṣ

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

From root `dūṣ` (to be defiled, to injure). Causative form, then Optative.

Root: dūṣ (class 10)

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Genitive singular masculine/neuter of `idam`.

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, understanding

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jānat

jānat - knowing, understanding

Present Active Participle

From root `jñā` (to know) with `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the subject of `dūṣayet`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

प्रमाणतः (pramāṇataḥ) - accurately, precisely, according to measure

(indeclinable)

From `pramāṇa` (measure, standard, proof) with suffix `-tas`.