महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-69, verse-28

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतावदुक्त्वा वचनं प्रातिष्ठत शकुन्तला ।
अथान्तरिक्षे दुःषन्तं वागुवाचाशरीरिणी ।
ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मन्त्रिभिश्चावृतं तदा ॥२८॥

28. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etāvaduktvā vacanaṁ prātiṣṭhata śakuntalā ,
athāntarikṣe duḥṣantaṁ vāguvācāśarīriṇī ,
ṛtvikpurohitācāryairmantribhiścāvṛtaṁ tadā.

28. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca etāvat uktvā vacanam
prātiṣṭhata śakuntalā atha antarikṣe
duḥṣantam vāk uvāca aśarīriṇī
ṛtvikpurohitācāryaiḥ mantribhiḥ ca āvṛtam tadā

28. Vaiśampāyana said: Having spoken these words, Shakuntala departed. Then, from the sky, a bodiless voice spoke to Dushyanta. At that time, he was surrounded by ṛtviks, purohitas, ācāryas, and ministers.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of Vyasa's disciple)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतावत् (etāvat) - these (words) (thus much, so much, these)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• प्रातिष्ठत (prātiṣṭhata) - started, set out, departed

• शकुन्तला (śakuntalā) - Shakuntala (proper name)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• अन्तरिक्षे (antarikṣe) - from the sky (in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere)

• दुःषन्तम् (duḥṣantam) - Dushyanta

• वाक् (vāk) - voice, speech, word

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अशरीरिणी (aśarīriṇī) - bodiless, disembodied

• ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैः (ṛtvikpurohitācāryaiḥ) - by the officiating priests, family priests, and teachers

• मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by ministers, by counselors

• च (ca) - and, also

• आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, encompassed)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (name of Vyasa's disciple)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyasa, narrator of the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular perfect active indicative of root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

एतावत् (etāvat) - these (words) (thus much, so much, these)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, thus much, so far, these

Note: Agrees with vacanaṃ

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (indeclinable participle) of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, saying

Note: Object of uktvā

प्रातिष्ठत (prātiṣṭhata) - started, set out, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of prā-sthā

Imperfect Middle Indicative

Third person singular imperfect middle indicative of root sthā (class 1) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Passive voice-like meaning 'was caused to stand up', or 'departed'.

शकुन्तला (śakuntalā) - Shakuntala (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakuntalā

śakuntalā - Shakuntala (name of the heroine in Kālidāsa's Abhijñānaśākuntalam)

Note: Subject of prātiṣṭhata

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अन्तरिक्षे (antarikṣe) - from the sky (in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antarikṣa

antarikṣa - sky, atmosphere, space, firmament

दुःषन्तम् (duḥṣantam) - Dushyanta

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥṣanta

duḥṣanta - Dushyanta (proper name, a king)

Note: Object of uvāca

वाक् (vāk) - voice, speech, word

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - voice, speech, word, language

Note: Subject of uvāca

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

Third person singular perfect active indicative of root vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

अशरीरिणी (aśarīriṇī) - bodiless, disembodied

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aśarīrin

aśarīrin - bodiless, disembodied

Feminine nominative singular of aśarīrin (a + śarīra + in)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+śarīrin)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• śarīrin – having a body, embodied (from śarīra + -in)
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from śarīra (body) with suffix -in

Note: Agrees with vāk

ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैः (ṛtvikpurohitācāryaiḥ) - by the officiating priests, family priests, and teachers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛtvikpurohitācārya

ṛtvikpurohitācārya - officiating priests, family priests, and teachers

Compound type : dvandva (ṛtvij+purohita+ācārya)

• ṛtvij – officiating priest, sacrificer
  noun (masculine)
• purohita – family priest, chaplain
  noun (masculine)
• ācārya – teacher, preceptor, guru
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used with āvṛtam (surrounded)

मन्त्रिभिः (mantribhiḥ) - by ministers, by counselors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor, advisor

Note: Used with āvṛtam (surrounded)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - surrounded (surrounded, covered, encompassed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - surrounded, covered, enveloped, hidden

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vṛ with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with duḥṣantaṃ

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)