महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-69, verse-16

स्वयमुत्पाद्य वै पुत्रं सदृशं योऽवमन्यते ।
तस्य देवाः श्रियं घ्नन्ति न च लोकानुपाश्नुते ॥१६॥

16. svayamutpādya vai putraṁ sadṛśaṁ yo'vamanyate ,
tasya devāḥ śriyaṁ ghnanti na ca lokānupāśnute.

16. svayam utpādya vai putram sadṛśam yaḥ avamanyate
tasya devāḥ śriyam ghnanti na ca lokān upāśnute

16. Indeed, whoever himself begets a worthy son and then despises him, the gods destroy that person's prosperity, and he does not attain the higher realms.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वयम् (svayam) - Emphasizes the father's personal responsibility. (himself, by oneself)

• उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - Refers to the act of begetting a son. (having produced, having begotten)

• वै (vai) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, truly, certainly)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - a son

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - Implies a son of good qualities, not just any son. (similar, worthy, suitable, excellent)

• यः (yaḥ) - Relative pronoun referring to the father. (who, whoever)

• अवमन्यते (avamanyate) - despises, disrespects, undervalues

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the person who despises his son. (his, of him, to him)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, fortune, glory

• घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - Refers to the gods destroying the prosperity. (they destroy, they kill)

• न (na) - Negates the attainment of worlds. (not)

• च (ca) - Connects the two consequences. (and, also)

• लोकान् (lokān) - Refers to heavenly or higher realms that one might attain through good deeds. (worlds, realms)

• उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains, enjoys, reaches

Words meanings and morphology

स्वयम् (svayam) - Emphasizes the father's personal responsibility. (himself, by oneself)

(indeclinable)

उत्पाद्य (utpādya) - Refers to the act of begetting a son. (having produced, having begotten)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root pad (to go) with upasargas ut- and pra-, in absolutive form.

Prefixes: ut+pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Connects to the main verb 'avamanyate'

वै (vai) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रम् (putram) - a son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of utpādya and avamanyate

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - Implies a son of good qualities, not just any son. (similar, worthy, suitable, excellent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, suitable, worthy, excellent

Note: Qualifies putram

यः (yaḥ) - Relative pronoun referring to the father. (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Note: Subject of avamanyate

अवमन्यते (avamanyate) - despises, disrespects, undervalues

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of avaman

Present Middle Third Singular

Root man (to think) with upasarga ava- in present tense, middle voice, third person singular.

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the person who despises his son. (his, of him, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, refers to 'śriyam'

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, deities

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Note: Subject of ghnanti

श्रियम् (śriyam) - prosperity, fortune, glory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, fortune, glory, wealth

Note: Object of ghnanti

घ्नन्ति (ghnanti) - Refers to the gods destroying the prosperity. (they destroy, they kill)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of han

Present Active Third Plural

Root han (class 2) in present tense, active voice, third person plural.

Root: han (class 2)

न (na) - Negates the attainment of worlds. (not)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - Connects the two consequences. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

लोकान् (lokān) - Refers to heavenly or higher realms that one might attain through good deeds. (worlds, realms)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Object of upāśnute

उपाश्नुते (upāśnute) - attains, enjoys, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upāś

Present Middle Third Singular

Root aś (to obtain, to reach) with upasarga upa- in present tense, middle voice, third person singular.

Prefix: upa

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: The subject is implied 'he' (the father).