महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-69, verse-31

जाया जनयते पुत्रमात्मनोऽङ्गं द्विधा कृतम् ।
तस्माद्भरस्व दुःषन्त पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं नृप ॥३१॥

31. jāyā janayate putramātmano'ṅgaṁ dvidhā kṛtam ,
tasmādbharasva duḥṣanta putraṁ śākuntalaṁ nṛpa.

31. jāyā janayate putram ātmanaḥ aṅgam dvidhā kṛtam
| tasmāt bharasva duḥṣanta putram śākuntalam nṛpa

31. The wife gives birth to a son, who is one's own self divided into two parts. Therefore, O King Duṣyanta, cherish this son of Śakuntalā.

Words meanings summery:

• जाया (jāyā) - wife

• जनयते (janayate) - gives birth (gives birth, produces, creates)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's own self (of oneself, of the self)

• अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - part (of oneself) (limb, part, body)

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - divided into two parts (in two ways, in two parts, twofold)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - made (into two) (made, done, created)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• भरस्व (bharasva) - cherish, maintain (cherish, support, bear, carry)

• दुःषन्त (duḥṣanta) - O Duṣyanta

• पुत्रम् (putram) - this son (Bharata) (son)

• शाकुन्तलम् (śākuntalam) - the son of Śakuntalā (of Śakuntalā, relating to Śakuntalā, son of Śakuntalā)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King Duṣyanta (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

जाया (jāyā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāyā

jāyā - wife

Note: Subject of 'janayate'.

जनयते (janayate) - gives birth (gives birth, produces, creates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Causative of root jan

Root: jan (class 4)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'janayate'.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's own self (of oneself, of the self)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, body

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgam'.

अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - part (of oneself) (limb, part, body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṅga

aṅga - limb, part, body, member

Note: Complement to 'putram', refers to the son.

द्विधा (dvidhā) - divided into two parts (in two ways, in two parts, twofold)

(indeclinable)

From dvi (two) + dhā (suffix indicating manner)

Note: Modifies 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - made (into two) (made, done, created)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Functions as an adverb meaning 'therefore'.

भरस्व (bharasva) - cherish, maintain (cherish, support, bear, carry)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Addressed to Duṣyanta.

दुःषन्त (duḥṣanta) - O Duṣyanta

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duḥṣanta

duḥṣanta - Duṣyanta (a king, father of Bharata)

पुत्रम् (putram) - this son (Bharata) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'bharasva'.

शाकुन्तलम् (śākuntalam) - the son of Śakuntalā (of Śakuntalā, relating to Śakuntalā, son of Śakuntalā)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śākuntala

śākuntala - son of Śakuntalā, relating to Śakuntalā

Derived from Śakuntalā with suffix -a denoting relation/descent

नृप (nṛpa) - O King Duṣyanta (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Duṣyanta.