महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-69, verse-31

जाया जनयते पुत्रमात्मनोऽङ्गं द्विधा कृतम् ।
तस्माद्भरस्व दुःषन्त पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं नृप ॥३१॥

31. jāyā janayate putramātmano'ṅgaṁ dvidhā kṛtam ,
tasmādbharasva duḥṣanta putraṁ śākuntalaṁ nṛpa.

31. jāyā janayate putram ātmanaḥ aṅgam dvidhā kṛtam
| tasmāt bharasva duḥṣanta putram śākuntalam nṛpa

31. The wife gives birth to a son, who is one's own self divided into two parts. Therefore, O King Duṣyanta, cherish this son of Śakuntalā.

31. האישה מולידה בן, שהוא חלק מגוף האב שפוצל לשניים. לכן, הו מלך דוּשְׁיַנְטַה, פרנס את בנה של שַׁקוּנְטַלָה, את שָׁאקוּנְטַלַה.

Words meanings summery:

• जाया (jāyā) - wife

• जनयते (janayate) - gives birth (gives birth, produces, creates)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's own self (of oneself, of the self)

• अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - part (of oneself) (limb, part, body)

• द्विधा (dvidhā) - divided into two parts (in two ways, in two parts, twofold)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - made (into two) (made, done, created)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• भरस्व (bharasva) - cherish, maintain (cherish, support, bear, carry)

• दुःषन्त (duḥṣanta) - O Duṣyanta

• पुत्रम् (putram) - this son (Bharata) (son)

• शाकुन्तलम् (śākuntalam) - the son of Śakuntalā (of Śakuntalā, relating to Śakuntalā, son of Śakuntalā)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O King Duṣyanta (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

जाया (jāyā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāyā

jāyā - wife

Note: Subject of 'janayate'.

जनयते (janayate) - gives birth (gives birth, produces, creates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Causative of root jan

Root: jan (class 4)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'janayate'.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of one's own self (of oneself, of the self)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, body

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgam'.

अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - part (of oneself) (limb, part, body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṅga

aṅga - limb, part, body, member

Note: Complement to 'putram', refers to the son.

द्विधा (dvidhā) - divided into two parts (in two ways, in two parts, twofold)

(indeclinable)

From dvi (two) + dhā (suffix indicating manner)

Note: Modifies 'kṛtam'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - made (into two) (made, done, created)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Functions as an adverb meaning 'therefore'.

भरस्व (bharasva) - cherish, maintain (cherish, support, bear, carry)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of bhṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Addressed to Duṣyanta.

दुःषन्त (duḥṣanta) - O Duṣyanta

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duḥṣanta

duḥṣanta - Duṣyanta (a king, father of Bharata)

पुत्रम् (putram) - this son (Bharata) (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'bharasva'.

शाकुन्तलम् (śākuntalam) - the son of Śakuntalā (of Śakuntalā, relating to Śakuntalā, son of Śakuntalā)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śākuntala

śākuntala - son of Śakuntalā, relating to Śakuntalā

Derived from Śakuntalā with suffix -a denoting relation/descent

नृप (nṛpa) - O King Duṣyanta (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Duṣyanta.

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