भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-11, verse-31
आख्याहि मे को भवानुग्ररूपो नमोऽस्तु ते देववर प्रसीद ।
विज्ञातुमिच्छामि भवन्तमाद्यं न हि प्रजानामि तव प्रवृत्तिम् ॥३१॥
विज्ञातुमिच्छामि भवन्तमाद्यं न हि प्रजानामि तव प्रवृत्तिम् ॥३१॥
31. ākhyāhi me ko bhavānugrarūpo; namo'stu te devavara prasīda ,
vijñātumicchāmi bhavantamādyaṁ; na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim.
vijñātumicchāmi bhavantamādyaṁ; na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim.
31.
ākhyāhi me kaḥ bhavān ugrarūpaḥ
namaḥ astu te devavara prasīda
vijñātum icchāmi bhavantam ādyam
na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim
namaḥ astu te devavara prasīda
vijñātum icchāmi bhavantam ādyam
na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛttim
31.
ugrarūpaḥ bhavān kaḥ me ākhyāhi
devavara te namaḥ astu prasīda
ādyaṃ bhavantaṃ vijñātum icchāmi
hi tava pravṛttiṃ na prajānāmi
devavara te namaḥ astu prasīda
ādyaṃ bhavantaṃ vijñātum icchāmi
hi tava pravṛttiṃ na prajānāmi
31.
Tell me who You are, You of such a fearsome form. Salutations to You, O best of gods; be gracious. I wish to understand You, the primordial (ādyam) one, for I do not comprehend Your actions (pravṛttim).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आख्याहि (ākhyāhi) - tell, explain, relate
- मे (me) - to me, for me, my
- कः (kaḥ) - who, what
- भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), sir
- उग्ररूपः (ugrarūpaḥ) - of terrible form, having a fierce form
- नमः (namaḥ) - salutations, obeisance, bowing
- अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be
- ते (te) - to you, your
- देववर (devavara) - O best of gods
- प्रसीद (prasīda) - be gracious, be pleased, be propitious
- विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know, to understand
- इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire
- भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (respectful)
- आद्यम् (ādyam) - the primeval, the original
- न (na) - not, no
- हि (hi) - for, indeed, because
- प्रजानामि (prajānāmi) - I know, I understand
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - activity, conduct, course of action
Words meanings and morphology
आख्याहि (ākhyāhi) - tell, explain, relate
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of ākhyā
Imperative Active
2nd person singular. Derived from root √khyā (to tell) with prefix ā-.
Prefix: ā
Root: √khyā (class 2)
Note: Command/request from Arjuna.
मे (me) - to me, for me, my
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me (pronoun)
Enclitic form of 1st person pronoun.
Note: Dative of interest.
कः (kaḥ) - who, what
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
Interrogative pronoun.
Note: Interrogative pronoun.
भवान् (bhavān) - you (respectful), sir
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat
bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing
Present Active Participle
From root √bhū (to be). Used as a respectful 2nd person pronoun.
Root: √bhū (class 1)
Note: Refers to Kṛṣṇa.
उग्ररूपः (ugrarūpaḥ) - of terrible form, having a fierce form
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ugrarūpa
ugrarūpa - having a fierce form, of terrible appearance
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (ugra+rūpa)
- ugra – fierce, terrible, formidable
adjective (masculine) - rūpa – form, shape, appearance
noun (neuter)
Note: Qualifies 'bhavān'.
नमः (namaḥ) - salutations, obeisance, bowing
(indeclinable)
Originally a neuter noun, often used as an indeclinable.
Root: √nam (class 1)
Note: Used with dative.
अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as
Imperative Active
3rd person singular.
Root: √as (class 2)
Note: Expresses a wish or command.
ते (te) - to you, your
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
Enclitic form of 2nd person pronoun.
Note: Dative of recipient for 'namaḥ astu'.
देववर (devavara) - O best of gods
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of devavara
devavara - best of gods, chief of the gods
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (deva+vara)
- deva – god, deity
noun (masculine)
Root: √div - vara – best, excellent, boon
noun (masculine)
From √vṛ (to choose).
Root: √vṛ (class 5)
Note: Addressed to Kṛṣṇa.
प्रसीद (prasīda) - be gracious, be pleased, be propitious
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prasād
Imperative Active
2nd person singular. Derived from root √sad (to sit) with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: √sad (class 1)
Note: Request from Arjuna.
विज्ञातुम् (vijñātum) - to know, to understand
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Derived from root √jñā (to know) with prefix vi-.
Prefix: vi
Root: √jñā (class 9)
Note: Expresses purpose.
इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ
Present Active
1st person singular.
Root: √iṣ (class 6)
Note: Subject is "I" (Arjuna).
भवन्तम् (bhavantam) - you (respectful)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhavat
bhavat - you (respectful), being, existing
Present Active Participle
From root √bhū (to be). Used as a respectful 2nd person pronoun.
Root: √bhū (class 1)
Note: Object of 'vijñātum icchāmi'.
आद्यम् (ādyam) - the primeval, the original
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ādya
ādya - primeval, original, first
Derived from ādi (beginning) with suffix -ya.
Note: Qualifies 'bhavantam'.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
Note: Negates 'prajānāmi'.
हि (hi) - for, indeed, because
(indeclinable)
Explanatory particle.
Note: Explains the reason for wanting to know.
प्रजानामि (prajānāmi) - I know, I understand
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prajñā
Present Active
1st person singular. Derived from root √jñā (to know) with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: √jñā (class 9)
Note: Subject is "I" (Arjuna).
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (pronoun)
Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'pravṛttim'.
प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - activity, conduct, course of action
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti
pravṛtti - activity, course of action, tendency, manifestation
From √vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: √vṛt (class 1)
Note: Object of 'prajānāmi'.