योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-99, verse-2

कृमिकीटपतङ्गाद्यास्तिर्यक्स्थावरजातयः ।
कथं स्थिताः किमारम्भास्तेषां दुःखक्षयः कथम् ॥ २ ॥

kṛmikīṭapataṅgādyāstiryaksthāvarajātayaḥ ,
kathaṃ sthitāḥ kimārambhāsteṣāṃ duḥkhakṣayaḥ katham 2

2. kṛmikīṭapataṅgādyāḥ tiryaksthāvarajātayaḥ katham
sthitāḥ kim ārambhāḥ teṣām duḥkhakṣayaḥ katham

2. kṛmikīṭapataṅgādyāḥ tiryaksthāvarajātayaḥ katham
sthitāḥ kim ārambhāḥ teṣām duḥkhakṣayaḥ katham

2. How do the various species of worms, insects, birds, and other mobile creatures and immobile beings subsist? What is the origin (karma) of their existence? And how is the cessation of suffering possible for them?

Words meanings summery:

• कृमिकीटपतङ्गाद्याः (kṛmikīṭapataṅgādyāḥ) - various species of worms, insects, birds, and others (worms, insects, birds, and others (etc.))

• तिर्यक्स्थावरजातयः (tiryaksthāvarajātayaḥ) - species of mobile (animal) and immobile (plant) beings (species of mobile and immobile beings, classes of animals and plants)

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - subsist, exist (situated, existing, standing)

• किम् (kim) - what (is)? (what? why?)

• आरम्भाः (ārambhāḥ) - origins (karma) (beginnings, origins, enterprises)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (of them, for them)

• दुःखक्षयः (duḥkhakṣayaḥ) - the cessation of suffering (cessation of suffering, destruction of pain)

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

Words meanings and morphology

कृमिकीटपतङ्गाद्याः (kṛmikīṭapataṅgādyāḥ) - various species of worms, insects, birds, and others (worms, insects, birds, and others (etc.))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛmikīṭapataṅgādi

kṛmikīṭapataṅgādi - worms, insects, birds, etc.

Compound type : dvandva then tatpuruṣa/bahuvrīhi (kṛmi+kīṭa+pataṅga+ādi)

• kṛmi – worm, insect
  noun (masculine)
• kīṭa – insect, worm
  noun (masculine)
• pataṅga – bird, moth, grasshopper
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
  indeclinable

Note: Part of the compound subject.

तिर्यक्स्थावरजातयः (tiryaksthāvarajātayaḥ) - species of mobile (animal) and immobile (plant) beings (species of mobile and immobile beings, classes of animals and plants)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tiryaksthāvarajāti

tiryaksthāvarajāti - species of mobile and immobile beings, classes of animals and plants

Compound type : dvandva then tatpuruṣa (tiryak+sthāvara+jāti)

• tiryak – animal, moving creature, horizontal
  noun (masculine)
• sthāvara – immobile, stationary, plant, mineral
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• jāti – birth, species, class, kind
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'exist'.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

Note: Interrogative adverb modifying sthitāḥ.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - subsist, exist (situated, existing, standing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, existing, situated, abiding

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with suffix -ta.

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate adjective with an implied 'are'.

किम् (kim) - what (is)? (what? why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? who? why?

interrogative pronoun

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

आरम्भाः (ārambhāḥ) - origins (karma) (beginnings, origins, enterprises)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārambha

ārambha - beginning, commencement, undertaking, enterprise, origin

From root rabh with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for kim.

तेषाम् (teṣām) - for them (of them, for them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (third person pronoun)

Note: Possessive or dative sense.

दुःखक्षयः (duḥkhakṣayaḥ) - the cessation of suffering (cessation of suffering, destruction of pain)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhakṣaya

duḥkhakṣaya - cessation of suffering, destruction of pain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+kṣaya)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, cessation, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

interrogative adverb

Note: Interrogative adverb modifying the implied verb 'is' in relation to duḥkhakṣayaḥ.