योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-8

शिखिध्वज उवाच ।
स्वरूपं वेद्मि चित्तस्य वासनामयमाकुलम् ।
त्यागः स मन्ये दुःसाध्यो वज्रनिर्गिलनादपि ॥ ८ ॥

śikhidhvaja uvāca ,
svarūpaṃ vedmi cittasya vāsanāmayamākulam ,
tyāgaḥ sa manye duḥsādhyo vajranirgilanādapi 8

8. śikhidhvajaḥ uvāca svarūpam vedmi cittasya vāsanāmayam
ākulam tyāgaḥ saḥ manye duḥsādhyaḥ vajranirgilanāt api

8. śikhidhvajaḥ uvāca cittasya vāsanāmayam ākulam svarūpam
vedmi saḥ tyāgaḥ vajranirgilanāt api duḥsādhyaḥ manye

8. Śikhidhvaja said: "I understand the essential nature (svarūpa) of the mind (citta) to be agitated and filled with latent impressions (vāsanā). That renunciation, I believe, is more difficult to achieve even than swallowing a thunderbolt."

Words meanings summery:

• शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Śikhidhvaja (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - essential nature, true form, own form

• वेद्मि (vedmi) - I know, I understand

• चित्तस्य (cittasya) - of the mind, of consciousness

• वासनामयम् (vāsanāmayam) - full of latent impressions, composed of desires

• आकुलम् (ākulam) - agitated, restless, disturbed, bewildered

• त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, letting go

• सः (saḥ) - that renunciation (that, he)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

• दुःसाध्यः (duḥsādhyaḥ) - difficult to achieve, hard to accomplish

• वज्रनिर्गिलनात् (vajranirgilanāt) - than swallowing a thunderbolt, from swallowing a diamond

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover, than (in comparison)

Words meanings and morphology

शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Śikhidhvaja (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhidhvaja

śikhidhvaja - one whose banner is a crest or peacock (a king's name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhin+dhvaja)

• śikhin – crested, horned, having a flame, peacock
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard, emblem
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - essential nature, true form, own form

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svarūpa

svarūpa - own form, essential nature, true character

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+rūpa)

• sva – self, own, proper
  pronoun/adjective (neuter)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)

वेद्मि (vedmi) - I know, I understand

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

चित्तस्य (cittasya) - of the mind, of consciousness

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, intellect

Derived from root √cit (to perceive, think)

Root: cit (class 1)

वासनामयम् (vāsanāmayam) - full of latent impressions, composed of desires

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāsanāmaya

vāsanāmaya - consisting of latent impressions or desires, full of vāsanās

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāsanā+maya)

• vāsanā – latent impression, desire, inclination, habit
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √vas (to dwell, perfume)
  Root: vas (class 1)
• maya – consisting of, made of, full of
  suffix (neuter)
  Forms adjectives indicating material or abundance.

Note: Qualifies 'svarūpam'.

आकुलम् (ākulam) - agitated, restless, disturbed, bewildered

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ākula

ākula - agitated, confused, disturbed, full of, restless

Derived from prefix 'ā' and root 'kul' (to collect, swell)

Prefix: ā

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'svarūpam'.

त्यागः (tyāgaḥ) - abandonment, renunciation, letting go

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice, giving up

Derived from root √tyaj (to abandon) with suffix -a

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that renunciation (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'tyāgaḥ'.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of man

Root: man (class 4)

दुःसाध्यः (duḥsādhyaḥ) - difficult to achieve, hard to accomplish

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥsādhya

duḥsādhya - difficult to accomplish, hard to achieve, impracticable

Gerundive

Derived from root √sādh (to accomplish) with prefix dus- and suffix -ya

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dus+sādhya)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill, hard
  indeclinable
• sādhya – to be accomplished, achievable, practicable
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root √sādh (to accomplish, effect)
  Root: sādh (class 5)

वज्रनिर्गिलनात् (vajranirgilanāt) - than swallowing a thunderbolt, from swallowing a diamond

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vajranirgilana

vajranirgilana - the act of swallowing a thunderbolt/diamond

Action noun

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vajra+nirgilana)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond, a hard or unbreakable object
  noun (neuter)
• nirgilana – swallowing, devouring
  noun (neuter)
  Action noun
  Derived from prefix 'nir-' and root 'gṝ' (to swallow)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: gṝ (class 6)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover, than (in comparison)

(indeclinable)