योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-40

कुम्भ उवाच ।
ब्रूहि किं तन्महाबाहो लग्नं तव मलं महत् ।
स्थितोऽसि येन संसारी सता वाप्यथवाऽसता ॥ ४० ॥

kumbha uvāca ,
brūhi kiṃ tanmahābāho lagnaṃ tava malaṃ mahat ,
sthito'si yena saṃsārī satā vāpyathavā'satā 40

40. kumbha uvāca brūhi kim tat mahābāho lagnaṃ tava malam
mahat sthitaḥ asi yena saṃsārī satā vā api athavā asatā

40. kumbha uvāca.
mahābāho,
brūhi,
kim tat mahat malam tava lagnaṃ,
yena saṃsārī satā vā api athavā asatā sthitaḥ asi?

40. Kumbha said: O mighty-armed one, tell me, what is that great impurity which has clung to you, by which you exist as one undergoing transmigration (saṃsāra), whether it is caused by the real or by the unreal?

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भ (kumbha) - Kumbha (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• किम् (kim) - what?

• तत् (tat) - that

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• लग्नं (lagnaṁ) - attached, clung

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• मलम् (malam) - impurity, defilement

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, existing, standing

• असि (asi) - you are

• येन (yena) - by which, because of which

• संसारी (saṁsārī) - one who transmigrates, one belonging to (saṃsāra)

• सता (satā) - by the real, by the existent, by the good

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अथवा (athavā) - or else, or

• असता (asatā) - by the unreal, by the non-existent, by the bad

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भ (kumbha) - Kumbha (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - Kumbha (name of a sage), pot, pitcher

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

लग्नं (lagnaṁ) - attached, clung

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lagna

lagna - attached, clung, joined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root lag (to stick, cling) with suffix -ta

Root: lag (class 1)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuşmad

yuşmad - you (pronoun)

मलम् (malam) - impurity, defilement

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mala

mala - impurity, defilement, dirt, sin

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Present Participle

Derived from root mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, existing, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with suffix -ta

Root: sthā (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

येन (yena) - by which, because of which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what (relative pronoun)

संसारी (saṁsārī) - one who transmigrates, one belonging to (saṃsāra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsārin

saṁsārin - transmigrator, one undergoing saṃsāra, worldly being

सता (satā) - by the real, by the existent, by the good

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sat

sat - real, existent, good, true

Present Participle

Derived from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

अथवा (athavā) - or else, or

(indeclinable)

असता (asatā) - by the unreal, by the non-existent, by the bad

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of asat

asat - unreal, non-existent, false, bad

Present Participle

Negation of sat (being, existent), derived from root as (to be)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• sat – existent, real, good (present participle of as)
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Participle
  Derived from root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)