योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-61

कुम्भ उवाच ।
कारणाभावतो राजन्पिता नाम न विद्यते ।
असतो यत्तु संजातमसदेव तदुच्यते ॥ ६१ ॥

kumbha uvāca ,
kāraṇābhāvato rājanpitā nāma na vidyate ,
asato yattu saṃjātamasadeva taducyate 61

61. kumbhaḥ uvāca kāraṇa-abhāvataḥ rājan pitā nāma na
vidyate asataḥ yat tu saṃjātam asat eva tat ucyate

61. kumbhaḥ uvāca rājan kāraṇa-abhāvataḥ pitā nāma na
vidyate yat tu asataḥ saṃjātam tat asat eva ucyate

61. Kumbha said: O king, the concept of a father does not truly exist due to the absence of a cause. Indeed, that which is produced from the non-existent is itself declared to be non-existent.

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भः (kumbhaḥ) - Kumbha (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कारण-अभावतः (kāraṇa-abhāvataḥ) - due to the absence of a cause

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• पिता (pitā) - father

• नाम (nāma) - name, by name, indeed, namely

• न (na) - not, no

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

• असतः (asataḥ) - from the non-existent, from the unreal

• यत् (yat) - that which, what

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• संजातम् (saṁjātam) - born, produced, arisen

• असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• तत् (tat) - that

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भः (kumbhaḥ) - Kumbha (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - pot, elephant's frontal lobe, a proper name

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular of √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

कारण-अभावतः (kāraṇa-abhāvataḥ) - due to the absence of a cause

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāraṇa-abhāva

kāraṇa-abhāva - absence of a cause

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kāraṇa+abhāva)

• kāraṇa – cause, reason
  noun (neuter)
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• abhāva – absence, non-existence
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be) with negation 'a-'
  Prefix: a
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: '-taḥ' suffix indicates ablative sense 'from, due to'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

नाम (nāma) - name, by name, indeed, namely

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially to mean 'by name' or 'what is called', indicating a mere nominal existence.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present middle 3rd singular of √vid (class 4) 'to be'

Root: vid (class 4)

असतः (asataḥ) - from the non-existent, from the unreal

(adjective)

Ablative, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, bad

Present active participle

Participle of √as (to be) with negation 'a-'

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – being, existent, good
  adjective
  Present active participle
  Present active participle of √as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: From 'asat', meaning 'non-existent'.

यत् (yat) - that which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Refers to 'that which'.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

संजातम् (saṁjātam) - born, produced, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṃjāta

saṁjāta - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √jan (to be born) with prefix 'sam'

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (sam+jāta)

• sam – with, together, completely
  upasarga
• jāta – born, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate to 'yat'.

असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, bad

Present active participle

Participle of √as (to be) with negation 'a-'

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – being, existent, good
  adjective
  Present active participle
  Present active participle of √as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present passive 3rd singular of √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

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