योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-52

शिखिध्वज उवाच ।
यस्योपलभ्यते किंचित्स्वरूपं कलनात्मकम् ।
असद्रूपं कथं तत्स्यात्प्रकाशः स्यात्कथं तमः ॥ ५२ ॥

śikhidhvaja uvāca ,
yasyopalabhyate kiṃcitsvarūpaṃ kalanātmakam ,
asadrūpaṃ kathaṃ tatsyātprakāśaḥ syātkathaṃ tamaḥ 52

52. śikhidhvajaḥ uvāca yasya upalabhyate kiñcit svarūpam kalanātmakam
asadrūpam katham tat syāt prakāśaḥ syāt katham tamaḥ

52. śikhidhvajaḥ uvāca yasya kiñcit kalanātmakam svarūpam
upalabhyate tat katham asadrūpam syāt katham prakāśaḥ tamaḥ syāt

52. Śikhidhvaja said: "How can that, whose discernible and measurable (kalanātmakam) nature (svarūpa) is perceived, be unreal? How could light ever be darkness?"

Words meanings summery:

• शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Śikhidhvaja (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is apprehended, is found

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything, some

• स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - nature, form, essence, one's own form

• कलनात्मकम् (kalanātmakam) - of the nature of calculation/manifestation/measurable, discernible, measurable

• असद्रूपम् (asadrūpam) - unreal, of non-existent form

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• तत् (tat) - that

• स्यात् (syāt) - it would be, it should be, let it be

• प्रकाशः (prakāśaḥ) - light, brightness

• स्यात् (syāt) - it would be, it should be, let it be

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

Words meanings and morphology

शिखिध्वजः (śikhidhvajaḥ) - Śikhidhvaja (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhidhvaja

śikhidhvaja - Śikhidhvaja, 'he whose banner is a peacock' (name of a king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śikhi+dhvaja)

• śikhi – peacock, flame
  noun (masculine)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is perceived, is apprehended, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of labh

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - something, anything, some

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiñcid

kiñcid - something, anything, some, a little

स्वरूपम् (svarūpam) - nature, form, essence, one's own form

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svarūpa

svarūpa - one's own form, true nature, essence

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+rūpa)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (neuter)
• rūpa – form, shape, nature, appearance
  noun (neuter)

कलनात्मकम् (kalanātmakam) - of the nature of calculation/manifestation/measurable, discernible, measurable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kalanātmaka

kalanātmaka - of the nature of calculation, connected with manifestation, measurable

Compound type : tatpurusha (kalanā+ātmaka)

• kalanā – calculation, computation, manifestation, perception
  noun (feminine)
  derived from root 'kal' (to count, to manifest)
  Root: kal (class 10)
• ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of
  adjective (neuter)

असद्रूपम् (asadrūpam) - unreal, of non-existent form

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asadrūpa

asadrūpa - of unreal form, non-existent, unsubstantial

Compound type : karmadhāraya (asat+rūpa)

• asat – non-existent, unreal, false
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle of 'as' (to be), negated by 'a'
  Root: as (class 2)
• rūpa – form, shape, nature, appearance
  noun (neuter)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

स्यात् (syāt) - it would be, it should be, let it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

प्रकाशः (prakāśaḥ) - light, brightness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakāśa

prakāśa - light, brightness, manifestation, luster

स्यात् (syāt) - it would be, it should be, let it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom