योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-54

कुम्भ उवाच ।
कारणं यस्य कार्यस्य भूमिपाल न विद्यते ।
विद्यते नेह तत्कार्यं तत्संवित्तिस्तु विभ्रमः ॥ ५४ ॥

kumbha uvāca ,
kāraṇaṃ yasya kāryasya bhūmipāla na vidyate ,
vidyate neha tatkāryaṃ tatsaṃvittistu vibhramaḥ 54

54. kumbha uvāca kāraṇam yasya kāryasya bhūmipāla na vidyate
vidyate na iha tat kāryam tat saṃvittiḥ tu vibhramaḥ

54. kumbha uvāca bhūmipāla yasya kāryasya kāraṇam na vidyate
tat kāryam iha na vidyate tu tat saṃvittiḥ vibhramaḥ

54. Kumbha said: O king, an effect (kārya) for which no cause (kāraṇa) exists does not exist here. But the perception of such an effect is merely a delusion.

Words meanings summery:

• कुम्भ (kumbha) - Name of the speaker (Kumbha (a name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Kumbha said (said, spoke)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the cause (cause, reason, instrument)

• यस्य (yasya) - of which (of which, whose)

• कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of which effect (of the effect, of the work)

• भूमिपाल (bhūmipāla) - Address to the king (O king, O protector of the earth)

• न (na) - negation (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - does not exist (exists, is found, is)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - does not exist (exists, is found, is)

• न (na) - negation (not, no)

• इह (iha) - here (in this context of existence) (here, in this world)

• तत् (tat) - that (effect) (that, this)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - that effect (effect, work, duty)

• तत् (tat) - that (cognition) (that, this)

• संवित्तिः (saṁvittiḥ) - the cognition (of such an effect) (cognition, knowledge, perception)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• विभ्रमः (vibhramaḥ) - is delusion (delusion, error, confusion, roaming)

Words meanings and morphology

कुम्भ (kumbha) - Name of the speaker (Kumbha (a name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - a jar, a pot, an elephant's frontal lobe, a name

उवाच (uvāca) - Kumbha said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac' (2nd class) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - the cause (cause, reason, instrument)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, origin, instrument

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) + -ana suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can also be accusative singular. Here, it is the subject of the clause implicitly.

यस्य (yasya) - of which (of which, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Can be masculine, feminine or neuter genitive singular. Here agrees with kāryasya.

कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of which effect (of the effect, of the work)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, effect, work, duty

Gerundive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) + -ya suffix, meaning 'that which is to be done' or 'effect'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भूमिपाल (bhūmipāla) - Address to the king (O king, O protector of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhūmipāla

bhūmipāla - king, protector of the earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pāla)

• bhūmi – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

न (na) - negation (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - does not exist (exists, is found, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vid

Present Middle

Root 'vid' (4th class) in present tense, 3rd person singular middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Used with 'na' for negation.

विद्यते (vidyate) - does not exist (exists, is found, is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vid

Present Middle

Root 'vid' (4th class) in present tense, 3rd person singular middle voice (ātmanepada).

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Used with 'na' for negation.

न (na) - negation (not, no)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here (in this context of existence) (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (effect) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Agrees with kāryam.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - that effect (effect, work, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, effect, work, duty

Gerundive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) + -ya suffix, meaning 'that which is to be done' or 'effect'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Can also be accusative singular. Here, it is the subject of the clause.

तत् (tat) - that (cognition) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Agrees with saṃvittiḥ (which is feminine, but tat can be used generically or as a pronoun for a concept). Here referring to 'that effect's cognition'.

संवित्तिः (saṁvittiḥ) - the cognition (of such an effect) (cognition, knowledge, perception)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃvitti

saṁvitti - cognition, knowledge, perception, understanding

From 'sam-vid' (to know together).

Prefix: sam

Root: vid (class 2)

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

विभ्रमः (vibhramaḥ) - is delusion (delusion, error, confusion, roaming)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhrama

vibhrama - delusion, error, confusion, mistake, roaming

From 'vi-bhram' (to wander about, be confused).

Prefix: vi

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.