योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
एवं वदति वै कुम्भे चित्तत्यागं मुहुर्मुहुः ।
अन्तर्विचारयन्सौम्यो राजा वचनमब्रवीत् ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
evaṃ vadati vai kumbhe cittatyāgaṃ muhurmuhuḥ ,
antarvicārayansaumyo rājā vacanamabravīt 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca evaṃ vadati vai kumbhe cittatyāgaṃ
muhurmuhuḥ antaḥ vicārayan saumyaḥ rājā vacanaṃ abravīt

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca kumbhe evaṃ cittatyāgaṃ muhurmuhuḥ
vadati vai saumyaḥ rājā antaḥ vicārayan vacanaṃ abravīt

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: While Kumbha was speaking thus, repeatedly, about the renunciation of the mind (cittatyāga), the gentle king, pondering inwardly, uttered these words.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The sage Vasiṣṭha, speaker of these verses. (Revered Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - Past tense statement, introducing the narration. (said, spoke)

• एवं (evaṁ) - Refers to the way Kumbha was speaking. (thus, in this manner, so)

• वदति (vadati) - The continuous action of Kumbha speaking. (speaks, says)

• वै (vai) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, surely, truly)

• कुम्भे (kumbhe) - Kumbha is the person being spoken about. It's 'while Kumbha was speaking'. ((to) Kumbha, (in) Kumbha)

• चित्तत्यागं (cittatyāgaṁ) - The specific topic of Kumbha's repeated discourse. (renunciation of the mind, abandonment of thought)

• मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - Emphasizes the frequency of Kumbha's discourse. (repeatedly, again and again)

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - Describes where the king is reflecting. (within, inwardly, inside)

• विचारयन् (vicārayan) - Describes the king's action while listening. (reflecting, pondering, considering)

• सौम्यः (saumyaḥ) - Describes the king's disposition. (gentle, mild, benevolent)

• राजा (rājā) - Refers to King Janaka. (king)

• वचनं (vacanaṁ) - The words spoken by the king. (word, speech, utterance)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - The main verb of the sentence, indicating the king's action. (spoke, said, uttered)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - The sage Vasiṣṭha, speaker of these verses. (Revered Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Revered Vasiṣṭha (proper noun)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – revered, glorious, divine, prosperity
  adjective
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - Past tense statement, introducing the narration. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active

Root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवं (evaṁ) - Refers to the way Kumbha was speaking. (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

वदति (vadati) - The continuous action of Kumbha speaking. (speaks, says)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vad

present active

Root vad, present tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Here, implies a circumstance, 'while he was speaking'.

वै (vai) - Emphatic particle. (indeed, surely, truly)

(indeclinable)

कुम्भे (kumbhe) - Kumbha is the person being spoken about. It's 'while Kumbha was speaking'. ((to) Kumbha, (in) Kumbha)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kumbha

kumbha - Kumbha (proper noun, name of a sage or character)

Note: Locative case often indicates 'when/while X is doing Y' or 'in/among X'. Here it's 'while Kumbha was speaking'.

चित्तत्यागं (cittatyāgaṁ) - The specific topic of Kumbha's repeated discourse. (renunciation of the mind, abandonment of thought)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of cittatyāga

cittatyāga - renunciation of the mind, abandonment of thought

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (citta+tyāga)

• citta – mind, consciousness, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, giving up
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vadati'.

मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - Emphasizes the frequency of Kumbha's discourse. (repeatedly, again and again)

(indeclinable)

Reduplicative adverb.

अन्तः (antaḥ) - Describes where the king is reflecting. (within, inwardly, inside)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often becomes 'antar' before vowels or soft consonants, 'antaḥ' before hard consonants.

विचारयन् (vicārayan) - Describes the king's action while listening. (reflecting, pondering, considering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicārayat

vicār - to reflect, ponder, consider, investigate

present active participle

From causative root cār with prefix vi-, suffix -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Describes an action simultaneous with the main verb.

सौम्यः (saumyaḥ) - Describes the king's disposition. (gentle, mild, benevolent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, mild, benevolent, agreeable, moon-like

राजा (rājā) - Refers to King Janaka. (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

वचनं (vacanaṁ) - The words spoken by the king. (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, utterance, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - The main verb of the sentence, indicating the king's action. (spoke, said, uttered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active

Root brū, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, with augment 'a'.

Root: brū (class 2)