योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-45, verse-48

बालो हि वितताकारैर्वस्तुरिक्तैः प्रयोजनैः ।
संतोषमेत्यनन्ताय दुःखाय न सुखाय तु ॥ ४८ ॥

bālo hi vitatākārairvasturiktaiḥ prayojanaiḥ ,
saṃtoṣametyanantāya duḥkhāya na sukhāya tu 48

48. bālaḥ hi vitata-ākāraiḥ vastu-riktaiḥ prayojanaiḥ
santoṣam eti anantāya duḥkhāya na sukhāya tu

48. hi bālaḥ vitata-ākāraiḥ vastu-riktaiḥ prayojanaiḥ
santoṣam eti anantāya duḥkhāya tu na sukhāya

48. Indeed, an ignorant person (bāla) attains satisfaction through vast (vitata-ākāraiḥ) and empty (vastu-riktaiḥ) objectives (prayojanaiḥ); this leads to endless (anantāya) sorrow (duḥkhāya), but not to happiness (sukhāya).

48. שכן הילד הפתי מוצא סיפוק במטרות שנראות רחבות היקף אך ריקות מתוכן ממש, ודבר זה מביא עליו סבל אינסופי ולא אושר.

Words meanings summery:

• बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, an ignorant person

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

• वितत-आकारैः (vitata-ākāraiḥ) - by vast forms, by extensive appearances

• वस्तु-रिक्तैः (vastu-riktaiḥ) - by objects devoid of reality, by empty things

• प्रयोजनैः (prayojanaiḥ) - by purposes, by objectives, by aims

• सन्तोषम् (santoṣam) - satisfaction, contentment

• एति (eti) - attains, obtains, goes

• अनन्ताय (anantāya) - leading to endless sorrow (for the endless, leading to endlessness)

• दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for sorrow, for suffering

• न (na) - not, no

• सुखाय (sukhāya) - for happiness, for joy

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

Words meanings and morphology

बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, an ignorant person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young person, ignorant, foolish

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

वितत-आकारैः (vitata-ākāraiḥ) - by vast forms, by extensive appearances

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vitatākāra

vitatākāra - having an extended form or vast appearance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vitata+ākāra)

• vitata – extended, vast, spread out
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tan with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: tan (class 8)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, aspect
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'prayojanaiḥ'.

वस्तु-रिक्तैः (vastu-riktaiḥ) - by objects devoid of reality, by empty things

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vasturikta

vasturikta - empty of substance, devoid of reality

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vastu+rikta)

• vastu – object, thing, substance, reality
  noun (neuter)
• rikta – empty, devoid, hollow
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ric (to leave, to empty)
  Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'prayojanaiḥ'.

प्रयोजनैः (prayojanaiḥ) - by purposes, by objectives, by aims

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of prayojana

prayojana - purpose, object, aim, motive, use

from pra-yuj (to apply, to use)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

सन्तोषम् (santoṣam) - satisfaction, contentment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of santoṣa

santoṣa - satisfaction, contentment, joy

from sam-tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied)

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

एति (eti) - attains, obtains, goes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of i

root verb, present tense, 3rd person singular

Root: i (class 2)

अनन्ताय (anantāya) - leading to endless sorrow (for the endless, leading to endlessness)

(adjective)

Dative, neuter, singular of ananta

ananta - endless, infinite, boundless

compound of an (not) + anta (end)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (an+anta)

• an – not
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Here indicating purpose or consequence for sorrow.

दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for sorrow, for suffering

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुखाय (sukhāya) - for happiness, for joy

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

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