योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-45, verse-48

बालो हि वितताकारैर्वस्तुरिक्तैः प्रयोजनैः ।
संतोषमेत्यनन्ताय दुःखाय न सुखाय तु ॥ ४८ ॥

bālo hi vitatākārairvasturiktaiḥ prayojanaiḥ ,
saṃtoṣametyanantāya duḥkhāya na sukhāya tu 48

48. bālaḥ hi vitata-ākāraiḥ vastu-riktaiḥ prayojanaiḥ
santoṣam eti anantāya duḥkhāya na sukhāya tu

48. hi bālaḥ vitata-ākāraiḥ vastu-riktaiḥ prayojanaiḥ
santoṣam eti anantāya duḥkhāya tu na sukhāya

48. Indeed, an ignorant person (bāla) attains satisfaction through vast (vitata-ākāraiḥ) and empty (vastu-riktaiḥ) objectives (prayojanaiḥ); this leads to endless (anantāya) sorrow (duḥkhāya), but not to happiness (sukhāya).

Words meanings summery:

• बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, an ignorant person

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

• वितत-आकारैः (vitata-ākāraiḥ) - by vast forms, by extensive appearances

• वस्तु-रिक्तैः (vastu-riktaiḥ) - by objects devoid of reality, by empty things

• प्रयोजनैः (prayojanaiḥ) - by purposes, by objectives, by aims

• सन्तोषम् (santoṣam) - satisfaction, contentment

• एति (eti) - attains, obtains, goes

• अनन्ताय (anantāya) - leading to endless sorrow (for the endless, leading to endlessness)

• दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for sorrow, for suffering

• न (na) - not, no

• सुखाय (sukhāya) - for happiness, for joy

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

Words meanings and morphology

बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, an ignorant person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla

bāla - child, young person, ignorant, foolish

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

वितत-आकारैः (vitata-ākāraiḥ) - by vast forms, by extensive appearances

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vitatākāra

vitatākāra - having an extended form or vast appearance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vitata+ākāra)

• vitata – extended, vast, spread out
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root tan with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: tan (class 8)
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, aspect
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'prayojanaiḥ'.

वस्तु-रिक्तैः (vastu-riktaiḥ) - by objects devoid of reality, by empty things

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vasturikta

vasturikta - empty of substance, devoid of reality

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vastu+rikta)

• vastu – object, thing, substance, reality
  noun (neuter)
• rikta – empty, devoid, hollow
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root ric (to leave, to empty)
  Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'prayojanaiḥ'.

प्रयोजनैः (prayojanaiḥ) - by purposes, by objectives, by aims

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of prayojana

prayojana - purpose, object, aim, motive, use

from pra-yuj (to apply, to use)

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

सन्तोषम् (santoṣam) - satisfaction, contentment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of santoṣa

santoṣa - satisfaction, contentment, joy

from sam-tuṣ (to be pleased, satisfied)

Prefix: sam

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

एति (eti) - attains, obtains, goes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of i

root verb, present tense, 3rd person singular

Root: i (class 2)

अनन्ताय (anantāya) - leading to endless sorrow (for the endless, leading to endlessness)

(adjective)

Dative, neuter, singular of ananta

ananta - endless, infinite, boundless

compound of an (not) + anta (end)

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (an+anta)

• an – not
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Here indicating purpose or consequence for sorrow.

दुःखाय (duḥkhāya) - for sorrow, for suffering

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, suffering, pain, misery, unhappiness

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुखाय (sukhāya) - for happiness, for joy

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)