योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-45, verse-16

भूमभूतं स्वकायोत्थमपश्यन्निपुणं दृशा ।
राघवाऽमहता स्वान्तः किमज्ञ इव मुह्यसि ॥ १६ ॥

bhūmabhūtaṃ svakāyotthamapaśyannipuṇaṃ dṛśā ,
rāghavā'mahatā svāntaḥ kimajña iva muhyasi 16

16. bhūmabhūtam svakāyottham apaśyan nipuṇam dṛśā
rāghava amahatā svāntaḥ kim ajñaḥ iva muhyasi

16. rāghava bhūmabhūtam svakāyottham (vastu) nipuṇam
dṛśā apaśyan kim amahatā ajñaḥ iva svāntaḥ muhyasi

16. O Rāghava, not clearly perceiving with your eye that which arose from your own body and has become merely earth, why are you, like an ignorant person, deluded within yourself by the insignificant?

Words meanings summery:

• भूमभूतम् (bhūmabhūtam) - become earth-like, material, earthy

• स्वकायोत्थम् (svakāyottham) - Refers to the physical body and its constituents. (that which has arisen from one's own body)

• अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing, not perceiving

• निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - Used adverbially to modify 'apaśyan'. (skillfully, clearly, expertly)

• दृशा (dṛśā) - by sight, with the eye, with perception

• राघव (rāghava) - Addressing Rāma, the hero of Rāmāyaṇa, or a similar figure. (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu, here likely referring to Rāma))

• अमहता (amahatā) - Refers to something trivial or unimportant that causes delusion. (by the insignificant, by the non-great)

• स्वान्तः (svāntaḥ) - Refers to the internal state or consciousness. (in one's own mind/heart, within oneself)

• किम् (kim) - what? how? why?

• अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant, foolish, unwise

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• मुह्यसि (muhyasi) - you are deluded, confused, bewildered

Words meanings and morphology

भूमभूतम् (bhūmabhūtam) - become earth-like, material, earthy

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhūmabhūta

bhūmabhūta - having become earth, material, earthy

Past Passive Participle (of bhū)

bhūma (earth, ground) + bhūta (become).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūma+bhūta)

• bhūma – earth, ground
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• bhūta – become, happened, a being, element
  adjective/noun
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū- (to be, become) with suffix -ta.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'svakāyottham'.

स्वकायोत्थम् (svakāyottham) - Refers to the physical body and its constituents. (that which has arisen from one's own body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svakāyottha

svakāyottha - arisen from one's own body

sva (own) + kāya (body) + uttha (arisen).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+kāya+uttha)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun/adjective
• kāya – body, collection
  noun (masculine)
• uttha – arisen, produced from
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sthā- with prefix ut-.
  Prefix: ut
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'apaśyan'.

अपश्यन् (apaśyan) - not seeing, not perceiving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, blind, unobservant

Present Active Participle, negated with 'a-'.

From na + paśyat (present participle of dṛś).

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (you, Rāghava).

निपुणम् (nipuṇam) - Used adverbially to modify 'apaśyan'. (skillfully, clearly, expertly)

(indeclinable)

दृशा (dṛśā) - by sight, with the eye, with perception

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of dṛś

dṛś - sight, eye, appearance, vision

Derived from root dṛś- (to see).

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates the instrument of seeing.

राघव (rāghava) - Addressing Rāma, the hero of Rāmāyaṇa, or a similar figure. (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu, here likely referring to Rāma))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, name of Rāma

Derived from Raghu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

अमहता (amahatā) - Refers to something trivial or unimportant that causes delusion. (by the insignificant, by the non-great)

(adjective)

Instrumental, singular of amahat

amahat - not great, small, insignificant, trivial

Negation of mahat (great) with 'a-'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+mahat)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective

Note: The cause of delusion.

स्वान्तः (svāntaḥ) - Refers to the internal state or consciousness. (in one's own mind/heart, within oneself)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svānta

svānta - one's own mind, heart, inner self

Sva (own) + anta (end, inside, interior).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+anta)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun/adjective
• anta – end, boundary, interior, proximity
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Syntactically svāntaḥ can be nominative (meaning 'one's own mind/self') or adverbial (meaning 'in one's own mind').

किम् (kim) - what? how? why?

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? why? how?

अज्ञः (ajñaḥ) - ignorant, foolish, unwise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajña

ajña - ignorant, foolish, unacquainted with

Negation of jña (knower) with 'a-'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jña)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• jña – knower, wise, understanding
  adjective/noun
  Derived from root jñā- (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies the implied subject "you".

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

मुह्यसि (muhyasi) - you are deluded, confused, bewildered

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of muh

Present tense, active voice

Class 4, Parasmaipada.

Root: muh (class 4)