योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-67, verse-25

संसृतिर्जाग्रदित्युक्तं स्वप्नं विदुरहंकृतिम् ।
चित्तं सुषुप्तभावः स्याच्चिन्मात्रं तुर्यमुच्यते ॥ २५ ॥

saṃsṛtirjāgradityuktaṃ svapnaṃ vidurahaṃkṛtim ,
cittaṃ suṣuptabhāvaḥ syāccinmātraṃ turyamucyate 25

25. saṃsṛtiḥ jāgrat iti uktam svapnam viduḥ ahaṅkṛtim
cittam suṣuptabhāvaḥ syāt cinmātram turyam ucyate

25. saṃsṛtiḥ jāgrat iti uktam ahaṅkṛtim svapnam viduḥ
cittam suṣuptabhāvaḥ syāt cinmātram turyam ucyate

25. Transmigration (saṃsāra) is described as the waking state. The ego (ahaṅkāra) is known as the dream state. The mind (citta) represents the state of deep sleep. Pure consciousness is referred to as the fourth state (turya).

Words meanings summery:

• संसृतिः (saṁsṛtiḥ) - the cycle of worldly existence (saṃsāra) (transmigration, cycle of birth and death, worldly existence)

• जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state of consciousness (waking, awake, the waking state)

• इति (iti) - marking the preceding as a definition (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - is declared, is called (said, spoken, declared)

• स्वप्नम् (svapnam) - the dream state of consciousness (dream, sleep, the dream state)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they (sages, scriptures) know/understand (they know, they understand)

• अहङ्कृतिम् (ahaṅkṛtim) - the ego (ahaṅkāra) (ego, sense of 'I', self-conceit)

• चित्तम् (cittam) - the mind (citta) (mind, thought, consciousness)

• सुषुप्तभावः (suṣuptabhāvaḥ) - the state of deep sleep (state of deep sleep)

• स्यात् (syāt) - is, corresponds to (may be, should be, is, occurs)

• चिन्मात्रम् (cinmātram) - pure consciousness (pure consciousness, mere consciousness)

• तुर्यम् (turyam) - the fourth state of consciousness (turya) (the fourth, the fourth state of consciousness)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is referred to as (is said, is called, is declared)

Words meanings and morphology

संसृतिः (saṁsṛtiḥ) - the cycle of worldly existence (saṃsāra) (transmigration, cycle of birth and death, worldly existence)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃsṛti

saṁsṛti - transmigration, cycle of birth and death, worldly existence, flow

From root sṛ (to flow, run) with prefix sam and suffix kti.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - the waking state of consciousness (waking, awake, the waking state)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - waking, awake, vigilant, the waking state

Present Active Participle

From root jāgṛ (to wake) with suffix śatṛ.

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative with uktam.

इति (iti) - marking the preceding as a definition (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates the preceding is a definition or statement.

उक्तम् (uktam) - is declared, is called (said, spoken, declared)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak) which becomes uc in some forms, with suffix kta.

Root: vac (class 2)

स्वप्नम् (svapnam) - the dream state of consciousness (dream, sleep, the dream state)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep, the dream state, a dream

From root svap (to sleep).

Root: svap (class 2)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they (sages, scriptures) know/understand (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense

3rd person plural present active indicative of root vid (Adādi class).

Root: vid (class 2)

अहङ्कृतिम् (ahaṅkṛtim) - the ego (ahaṅkāra) (ego, sense of 'I', self-conceit)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ahaṅkṛti

ahaṅkṛti - ego, egoism, self-conceit, the faculty of self-identification

From aham (I) and root kṛ (to make, do) with kti suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of viduḥ, meaning it is known as the dream state.

चित्तम् (cittam) - the mind (citta) (mind, thought, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, intellect, heart

From root cit (to perceive, to be conscious).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of the third clause.

सुषुप्तभावः (suṣuptabhāvaḥ) - the state of deep sleep (state of deep sleep)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suṣuptabhāva

suṣuptabhāva - state of deep sleep, deep sleep

Compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (suṣupta+bhāva)

• suṣupta – deep sleep, fast asleep
  adjective / noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root svap (to sleep) with su (good, well, deep) and suffix kta. svap becomes ṣup due to retroflexion.
  Prefix: su
  Root: svap (class 2)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature, sentiment
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be, become).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative with syāt.

स्यात् (syāt) - is, corresponds to (may be, should be, is, occurs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Optative Mood

3rd person singular present active optative of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

चिन्मात्रम् (cinmātram) - pure consciousness (pure consciousness, mere consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cinmātra

cinmātra - pure consciousness, mere consciousness, consisting solely of consciousness

Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (cit+mātra)

• cit – consciousness, intellect, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  From root cit (to perceive).
  Root: cit (class 1)
• mātra – only, mere, solely, measure, quantity
  adjective / noun (neuter)
  From root mā (to measure).
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the last clause.

तुर्यम् (turyam) - the fourth state of consciousness (turya) (the fourth, the fourth state of consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of turya

turya - the fourth, the fourth state of consciousness (transcendent state beyond waking, dreaming, and deep sleep)

From catur (four).

Note: Predicate nominative with ucyate.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is referred to as (is said, is called, is declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Tense Passive

3rd person singular present passive indicative of root vac (which becomes uc in the passive forms).

Root: vac (class 2)

Previous Verse Next Verse